Ecology and fauna of the Orenburg region by Churbaeva Diana

Ecology of the Orenburg region In the region found 15 stable ground water contamination. The main pollutants - are oil products, phenols, heavy metals, iron ions, bromine, selenium, fluoride. Drinking water quality continues to deteriorate for almost all of normalized parameters. Ecological tension enhances transboundary transport of hazardous substances from the Chelyabinsk region and the Republic of Bashkortostan. The waters of the Ural River, the main water source area, entering their territory with a high concentration of pollutants.

Fauna of the Orenburg region In forest and steppe expanses of our region inhabit 60 species of mammals, 200 species of birds. Vast hunting grounds of the Orenburg region. Their total area amounts to more than 10 thousand hectares. In the area inhabit by elk, wild boar, roe deer, hare, fox, muskrat, marten, marmot, muskrat.

Kukushonok Since the early 70's there is progress from the north into the territory of a lynx. Currently, she noted already in the most southern region. Rare is the brown bear, formerly widespread in woodland areas. He currently resides in arrays of small Nakas and Shaytantau, where the annual production of hunters in connection with the threat of an attack this animal livestock.

The most important objects of hunting are Cunha. This is the first place: a badger, weasel, marten, and forest steppe polecat. Among the rare and very rare species of Mustelidae: weasel, ligation, European mink and river otter. At the same time the number of acclimatized American mink has become so large that it can serve as a target species.

Ermine River and lake overgrown with reeds abound Serug, teals, mallards. The greatest commercial value are gray duck and mallard ducks. Rivers and lakes in the Orenburg region are home to more than 30 species of fish. The most valuable of these sturgeon and fine-mesh. On the rivers Ural and Ilek are spawning grounds for sturgeon, an area of 200 hectares, which is a prohibited area.

In rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs and ponds of the area inhabited by more than 60 species and varieties of fish. They belong to 15 families of which the most abundant cyprinids. For much of the species pool of the Urals is the eastern limit of their distribution.

In the mountain streams and rivers basin Sakmara meet brook trout and European grayling. In organizing the protection of their habitat and reproduction of these valuable species of fish could be gamefish. In rivers and lakes in the area is widespread pike. Of great importance for recreational fisheries have bream, carp, chub, ide, Podust, roach. Everywhere in lakes and ponds inhabit carp. Often caught catfish weighing pounds or more.