Research Centre BRESLER Modern Fault Location Technique for the Utility A.Podshivalin, I.Klimatova, E.Terentyev Reporter: Andrei Podshivalin Department Manager, PhD Research Centre BRESLER Russia
Page 2 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER High accuracy of distance estimate –better than 2 %, 300 m Prompt automatic response Versatile solution Dependable operation servicesApplication services Requirements to Fault Location
Page 3 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Fundamental-harmonic distance methods Fault Locations Solutions High-frequency distance methods Location Traveling wave Topographical/Geographical methods Fixed-site Portable Option in protection Autonomous IEDs PC Software
Page 4 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER distance principleAutonomous IEDs distance principle –Efficiency getting information directly at the substation precision –Sufficient precision < 2 %error < 2 % of line length –Complementary –Complementary functions recorder notifications and signaling Advantages of Implementation ZfZf RfRf LfLf
Page 5 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER adequacyModel adequacy to the real object –ability to reproduce object behaviour nformational componentsInformational components extraction Fault criteriaFault criteria and fault coordinate search algorithm Accuracy Factors ~ ~
Page 6 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Models. Special Sections Modeling Modeling is crucial to accuracy Parameters to consider Taps Parallel lines
Page 7 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER The multi-pole technique Models. Taps Equivalent
Page 8 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Single parallel lineSingle parallel line current influence Models. Parallel Lines Equivalent measured - Parallel line current is measured unknown - Parallel line current is unknown U s(0) – U r(0) = Z (0) I (0) + Z (01) I (1) 0 = Z (01) I (0) + Z (1) I (1) U s(0) – U r(0) = Z eqv I (0)
Page 9 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Multi parallel lineMulti parallel line current influence Models. Parallel Lines Equivalent Automated precise method for multiple parallel lines
Page 10 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Informational Components Pre-fault values –load –load current compensation Better filtering –DCsaturation –DC component removal, CT saturation compensation Fault inception point – UHV lines –superposed components application Recording Pre-fault conditions Actual conditions i(t) t More information – higher accuracy
Page 11 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Fault Criteria Choice Criterion – Resistive Criterion – Resistive fault impedance RfRfRfRf Pre-fault values –elimination of algorithmic mistake Phase-segregatedPhase-segregated criteria –full information usage WeakWeak dependency on R f
Page 12 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Settings Calculation Automation Power system model Line data Automatic settings calculation Settings + Fast + Accurate
Page 13 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER Transmission line «Cheboksary HPP – Chigashevo» Application A-N: 22,5 kmB-C-N: 45,0 km 22,2 km43,9 km Real data: Calculation data: The goal function 220 kV 75,6 km
Page 14 Research Centre BRESLER Date: © Research Centre BRESLER SettingsSettings calculation collectionFault data collection InformationInformation presentation Application Services Settings Distance to the fault Database Distance to the fault Fault resistance Time stamp Fault values Server