* Проект учащихся 8 «Б» класса по теме «Выдающиеся люди Великобритании. Майкл Фарадей»

* Michael Faraday was an influential British scientist who, amongst other discoveries, helped turn electricity into a property that could be easily used.

* He was born on 22 September 1791 in south London to relatively poor parents. At the age of 14, he left school and started an apprenticeship at a local book binder. In his spare time he was an avid reader, teaching himself many scientific concepts. Faraday was thus mostly self-taught and became one of the greatest scientists despite his rudimentary maths.

* In 1812, at the age of 20 he receive some tickets for a series of lectures by the eminent scientist Humphry Davy. After the lecture Michael sent Davy a 300 page document offering notes on the lectures. Davy was impressed and he employed Faraday as an assistant. This later led to a Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution of Great Britain, a position to which he was appointed for life. Humphry Davy

* His early work centred on chemistry. He made a special study of Chlorine and new chlorides of carbon. Faraday was a great practical inventor and one of the most useful pieces of chemistry equipment he developed was an early form of the Bunsen burner. By mixing air with gas before lighting, Faraday found an easily accessible form of higher temperature. His model of the Bunsen burner was developed, but is still used in laboratories around the world. the Bunsen burner English chemists John Daniell (left) and Michael Faraday (right), credited as founders of electrochemistry today.

* Faraday'ss greatest achievement was in the development of electro- magnetism and electricity. Though people already knew of electricity, it was Faraday who played a pivotal role in providing a continuous source of electricity, through his electro-magnetic rotation model of Later he was able to develop the first electric dynamo and his theories of electromagnetism proved influential in the new electricity industry of the nineteenth century. Faraday's Rotating Magnet. The first electric motors - Michael Faraday, 1821

Faraday's experiment showing induction between coils of wire: The liquid battery (right) provides a current which flows through the small coil (A), creating a magnetic field. When the coils are stationary, no current is induced. But when the small coil is moved in or out of the large coil (B), the magnetic flux through the large coil changes, inducing a current which is detected by the galvanometer (G) Faraday's disk (homopolar generator)

* As well as being a prominent scientist, Faraday also undertook other projects related to science. For example, after a large explosion in a coal mine in County Durham 1865, he along with Charles Lyell, produced a report on the dangers of coal dust. A recommendation which unfortunately was not acted upon until after another coal tragedy in * Faraday had strong religious convictions, belonging to a strict Christian sect called the Sandemanian Church - founded in the eighteenth century – an offshoot of the Church of Scotland. His religious beliefs influenced his work and he was keen to show the unity of God and nature through his scientific discoveries. His religious beliefs may have been a reason he refused to help the British governments request that he might develop chemical weapons for the Crimean war. Michael Faraday delivering a Christmas Lecture in 1856.

* In the early 1840s, Faraday's health began to deteriorate and he did less research. He died on 25 August 1867 at Hampton Court, where he had been given official lodgings in recognition of his contribution to science. Michael Faraday statue in Savoy Place, London. Sculptor John Henry Foley RA. Michael Faraday's grave at Highgate Cemetery, London.