SAY YOURSELVES

EARTHQUAKE homeless people damaged buildings and cars destroyed buildings and cars hurt people dead bodies shaken ground crying people

Flood homeless people damaged buildings and cars much water everywhere alarm signals swimming people outage ( отключение электричества ) hurt or dead people shortage of food

Drought shortage of water and food damaged farmland destroyed harvest sick people overheating ( перегревание ) increase in prices poor agricultural situation

FOREST FIRE burnt trees smoke destroyed plants dead animals and insects diseases of lungs

VOLCANO ash everywhere smoke burnt ground, grass and plants broken equipment, machines fire diseases of lungs poisonous gases

1. Define the wind direction and fire spreading. 2. Shut the windows and the doors from exposed to the wind side and open them from the other side. 3. Switch on TV or radio and listen to the information. 4. Leave the fire zone and go to meet wind 5. Prepare some food, water, medicine and other necessary things. 6. Fix the furniture, put heavy things on the floor. 7. Move on the ground, dont try to leave fire behind you. 8. Find the safe place in a building (near the main walls, in the corners) 9. Switch off gas, water, electricity. 10. If it is possible, try to get your clothes wet. 11. If you are outside, find a pit, a ditch, or a ravine far from buildings. 12. Take your passport, some necessary things and go to the definite place. 13. Inform about fire as soon as possible. 14. If you are in any transport, leave it and find the safe place. 15. Keep away damaged buildings.

Natural disasters: where to go and what to do stay upstairs or on the roof alert (signal) dont panic keep your balance save your energy call rescue service dont let oxygen get in cover yourself with a wet blanket try to leave the house creep stand in the doorway stay far from windows listen to the radio news dont use lift dont use matches take all necessary things (documents, money, photos) out of the house move along the walls take off heavy boots and clothes turn off gas and electricity turn off water close doors and windows dont go to the balcony dont run

ATTENTION!!! NATURAL DISASTERS: where to go and what to do FLOODSFIRES EARTHQUAKES

Past Simple vs Past Continuous

Usage Действие происходило: ФАКТ. часто, постоянно, регулярно. Обозначает ФАКТ. Действия последовательные. Слова помощники: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (month, year), a week (month, year) ago Действие происходило: ПРОЦЕСС. в определенный момент в прошлом. Указано конкретное время или временной период. Обозначает ПРОЦЕСС. Действия в один и тот же момент времени. Слова помощники: yesterday the whole evening, from 5 till 7, yesterday at 9 oclock, when I came Past Simple Past Continuous

Schemes + П + V 2 - П + did not + V 1 + П + was/ were + V ing - П + was/ were+ not +V ing Past Simple Past Continuous

Schemes ? общий Did + П + V 1 ? ? специальный + did + П + V 1 ? ? общий Was/ Were + П + V ing ? ? специальный + was/ were + П + V ing ? Past Simple Past Continuous ??

Present Perfect vs Present Perfect Continuous

Usage Both tenses are used to express that an action began in the past and is still going on or has just finished. In many cases, both forms are correct, but there is often a difference in meaning: We use the Present Perfect mainly to express that an action is completed or to emphasize the result. We use the Present Perfect Continuous to emphasize the duration or continuous course of an action.

Result or duration? Do you want to express what has happened so far or how long an action has been going on yet? Present PerfectPresent Perfect Continuous Result (what / how much / how often) I have written 5 letters. / I have been to London twice. Duration (how long) I have been writing for an hour.

Schemes + П + have/ has + V 3 + П + have/ has + been + V ing Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous

Schemes - П + have/ has not + V 3 - П + have + not +been + V ing П (3 л.ед.ч) + has + not +been + V ing Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous

Schemes ? общий Have/ has + П + V 3 ? ? специальный + have/has + П + V 3 ? ? общий Have/ has + П + been + V ing ? ? специальный + have/ has+ П + been +V ing ? ?? Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous

Prepositions for for – в течение какого-то периода времени - for a week, - for six years Since Since – с какого-то момента в прошлом - since since their childhood Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous

Open the brackets using Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous 1. ___________ (they / arrive) already? 2. Lucy ________ (run) 2000 meters today. 3. I _________ (clean) all morning – Im fed up! 4. How long __________ (you / know) Simon? 5. I _________ (drink) more water lately, and I feel better. 6. Sorry about the mess! I ___________ (bake). 7. How many times __________ (you / take) this exam? 8. He _________ (eat) six bars of chocolate today! 9. Julie ________ (cook) dinner. Lets go and eat! 10. The students _______ (finish) their exams. Theyre very happy.

11. The babys face is really dirty! What ________ (he / eat)? 12. Iona is exhausted these days. She ________ (work) too hard recently. 13. Luke __________ (never / be) abroad. 14. I __________ (wait) for three hours already ! 15. _________ (you / finish) your homework yet? 16. How long _________ (you / be) a lawyer? 17. I ________ (read) your book all day. Its very interesting, but Im only on chapter She _______ (drink) ten glasses of water! 19. I ________ (have) my dog for sixteen years. 20. Help, I ________ (lose) my wallet! How can I get home?

Surviving with optimism Emergency workers

Lets revise the words an age limit a time limit a limit on/to smth to limit the speed to monitor the water level/radiation/ a computer/TV monitor to warn of a rainstorm/tornado a warning about without a warning broadcast messages/warnings/TV programmes to rescue from flood/tornado a rescue of children/people to evacuate people from an evacuation возрастной ценз предельный срок предел, граница на …. установить предельную скорость следить за уровнем воды/ радиацией/ компьютером/ телевизионным предупредить о ливне с ураганом/ торнадо предупреждение о …. без предупреждения транслировать/ передавать сообщения/ предупреждения/ телевизионные передачи спасать от наводнения / торнадо спасение детей/ людей эвакуировать людей из … эвакуация.

Write down some new words to give the first aid to – оказывать первую помощь to put in stitches – наложить швы to give an injection – сделать укол to transfuse blood – перелить кровь to help (save) the injured – помочь (спасти) раненым to undergo an operation – подвергаться операции to be X-rayed – пройти рентген to put on fire – тушить пожар to send supplies – оказывать помощь

What is Emergency? There are different types of emergencies and different kinds of emergencies need different people to help. Emergency Workers paramedics policemen firemen rescuers

Read the text in ex. 95, p. 27