INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS

Which things are the most or least useful in the house from your point of view? 1. I think that ….. is the most important thing. 2. We can ….. 3. Some of the inventions, for example …. is less important. 4. We do not often ….. 5. And Im sure we can do without …..

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce (1765 – 1833) Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was a French inventor, most noted as one of the inventors of photography and a pioneer in the field. He is well-known for taking some of the earliest photographs, dating to the 1820s. As revolutionary as his invention was, Niépce is little known even today.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847 – 1922) Alexander Graham Bell was an eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone. His research on hearing and speech led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.

Karl Friedrich Benz (1844 – 1929) Karl Friedrich Benz was a German engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the petrol-powered automobile and pioneering founder of the automobile manufacturer, Mercedes-Benz.

The Lumière brothers: Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas (1862 – 1954) Louis Jean (1864– 1948) The Lumière brothers were among the earliest filmmakers. Louis had made some improvements to the still-photograph process, the most notable being the dry-plate process, which was a major step towards moving images. The cinematograph itself was patented on 13 February 1895 and the first footage ever to be recorded using it was recorded on 19 March 1895.

James Murray Spangler ( ) In 1907, James Murray Spangler, a janitor in Canton, Ohio invented an electric vacuum cleaner from a fan, a box, and a pillowcase.

John Logie Baird (1888 – 1946) John Logie Baird was a British engineer and inventor of the world's first working television system, also the world's first fully electronic colour television broadcast. Although Baird's electromechanical system was eventually displaced by purely electronic systems his early successes demonstrating working television broadcasts and his colour and cinema television work earn him a prominent place in television's invention.

John Gorrie (1803 – 1855) John Gorrie was a physician, scientist, inventor, and humanitarian, is considered the father of refrigeration and air conditioning.

Henry Ford was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. He was a prolific inventor and was awarded 161 U.S. patents. Henry Ford (1863 – 1947)

Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov (1907 – 1966) Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov was the head Soviet rocket engineer and designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. He is considered by many as the father of practical astronautics.

Akio Morita ( ) Akio Morita was a Japanese entrepreneur, cofounder of Sony Corp. In 1949, the company developed magnetic recording tape and in 1950, sold the first tape recorder in Japan. In 1957, it produced a pocket-sized radio.

William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955) William Henry "Bill" Gates III is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman of Microsoft, the software company. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder. Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution.

Martin Cooper (born December 26, 1928) The first portable mobile phone was invented in March of In this day Motorola Company represented the unit DynaTAC 8000X, which took 15 years of constant research. Its weight was 1,25 kg and length – 0,33 m.

He is an inventor of World Wide Web and hypertext system. Tim Berners- Lee pioneered Internet in 1991 and it was a way for information exchange. In spite of his tremendous invention he was unknown for a long time. Tim Berners-Lee ( born June 8, 1955)

Bernhard Grill, Karl-Heinz Brandenburg, Thomas Sporer, Bernd Kurten, Ernst Eberlein The German company Fraunhofer- Gesellshaft developed MP3 technology. In 1987, the prestigious Fraunhofer Institute research center began researching high quality, low bit-rate audio coding. Karlheinz Brandenburg

Fujio Masuoka (born May 8, 1943) Dr. Fujio Masuoka is the inventor of flash memory. He was an engineer in Toshiba Company and invented it in He called it flash because it destroyed information as quick as flash.

A 3D (three-dimensional) film or S3D (stereoscopic 3D) film is a motion picture that enhances the illusion of depth perception. 3D films have existed in some form since the 1950s, but had been largely relegated to a niche in the motion picture industry because of the costly hardware and processes required to produce and display a 3D film, and the lack of a standardized format for all segments of the entertainment business. Nonetheless, 3D films were prominently featured in the 1950s in American cinema, and later experienced a worldwide popularity in the 1980s and '90s driven by IMAX high-end theaters and Disney company.

GRAMMAR IN FOCUS PAST SIMPLE PASSIVE Прошедшее простое время в пассивном залоге подлежащее + was(ед.ч)/were(мн.ч., you) + глагол + ed

What inventions had been made by the end of the th century? 1. ………..….. ……by the end of the 19th /20th century. 2. ……….….. ………by the end of the 19th /20th century. 3. ……….….. ………by the end of the 19th /20th century. 4. The first …….. ….by the end of the 19th /20th century. 5. The first ….....…..by the end of the 19th /20th century. 6. The ………..….. ….by the end of the 19th /20th century. invented made built found designed tested created discovered perfected pioneered produced patented