OCCUPATION OF TURKESTAN BY TSARIST RUSSIA Occupation of Turkestan by Tsarist Russia. The colonial policy of tsarism in our country. The national liberation struggle of the peoples of Turkestan against tsarism: Qurbonjon Dodhoh, Yakubbek. The role of Nomoz Pirimkulov and others in the history of our people. The Tashkent uprising. Andijan uprising. Jadidism. Well- known representatives of the Jadid movement: Mahmudkhoja Behbudi, I. Gasparali, Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhonov, A. Avloni, A.Fitrat. In the eighteenth century the Russian Empire gained increasing control over the Kazakh Steppe. The Russian conquest of Central Asia took place over several decadesRussian EmpireKazakh Steppe

1864–1868: KOKAND AND BUKHARA SUBDUED TASHKENT (1865): ABOUT 80 KM (50 MI) SOUTH OF THE NEW LINE WAS CHIMKENT (SHYMKENT) WHICH BELONGED TO KOKAND. CHERNAYEV EASILY TOOK IT ON 3 OCTOBER ON 15 OCTOBER HE SUDDENLY APPEARED BEFORE TASHKENT, FAILED TO TAKE IT BY SUDDEN ASSAULT AND RETREATED TO CHIMKENT..SHYMKENT

SAMARKAND IN JULY 1867 A NEW PROVINCE OF TURKESTAN WAS CREATED AND PLACED UNDER GENERAL VON KAUFMANN WITH ITS HEADQUARTERS AT TASHKENT. THE BOKHARAN AMIR DID NOT FULLY CONTROL HIS SUBJECTS, THERE WERE RANDOM RAIDS AND REBELLIONS, SO KAUFMANN DECIDED TO HASTEN MATTERS BY ATTACKING SAMARKAND. AFTER HE DISPERSED A BOKHARAN FORCE SAMARKAND CLOSED ITS GATES TO THE BOKHARAN ARMY AND SURRENDEREDGENERAL VON KAUFMANN

THE CONQUEST OF KHIVA THE DECISION TO ATTACK KHIVA WAS MADE IN DECEMBER KHIVA WAS AN OASIS SURROUNDED BY SEVERAL HUNDRED KILOMETRES OF DESERT. THE RUSSIANS COULD EASILY DEFEAT THE KHIVAN ARMY IF THEY COULD MOVE ENOUGH TROOPS ACROSS THE DESERT. THE PLACE WAS ATTACKED FROM FIVE DIRECTIONS. KAUFMANN MARCHED WEST FROM TASHKENT AND WAS JOINED BY ANOTHER ARMY COMING SOUTH FROM ARALSK. THEY MET IN THE DESERT, RAN SHORT OF WATER, ABANDONED PART OF THEIR SUPPLIES AND REACHED THE OXUS IN LATE MAY.