итсоновский институитсоновский институ Смитсоновский институт, Вашингтон США

Смитсоновский институт (Smithsonian Institution), один из крупнейших научно- исследовательских и культурных центров США. Основан в 1846 в Вашингтоне специальным решением конгресса на средства (по завещанию) английского химика и минералога Дж. Смитсона ( ) для "расширения и распространения знаний в народе". Объединяет Национальный музей (основан в 1846, 60 млн. экспонатов по антропологии, ботанике, зоологии, энтомологии, палеобиологии, минералогии, истории науки и техники, гражданской и военной истории, искусству и народный творчеству и др.), Смитсоновскую астрофизическую обсерваторию, Национальную галерею искусства, институт этнологических исследований, Национальный зоологический парк и другие научные учреждения. Ведёт большую издательскую деятельность. Ежегодно учреждения С. и. выпускают сборники научных трудов и монографии.Смитсоновскую астрофизическую обсерваторию Национальную галерею искусства

The Smithsonian Institution was founded in 1846 on the basis of an 1826 bequest by James Smithson, who left his fortune to the United States government for the establishment of a scientific institution "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men." The Smithsonian now embraces the various national museums of the United States, the National Zoological Park, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and a wide range of other activities. Its flag is divided quarterly, dark blue and yellow, with a counterchanged circle in turn surmounted by a counterchanged sun. This flag is displayed atop the tower of the Institution headquarters, known as "The Castle," on the National Mall in Washington, as well as on poles in front of various of the Smithsonian museums.

- Freer Gallery - Ripley Center - Smithsonian Castle - Sackler Gallery - African Art Museum - Arts and Industries - Hirshhorn Museum - American History Museum - Natural History Museum - Air and Space Museum

Opening day ceremony at the National Air and Space Museum, with (l. to r.) President Gerald Ford, NASM director and astronaut Michael Collins, and Secretary S. Dillon Ripley with satellite ribbon-cutting apparatus on 1 July Voyager, the first aircraft to fly around the world without landing or refueling, being suspended in the south gallery of the National Air and Space Museum

The relics of George Washington on exhibit as part of the Ethnology exhibit in the North Hall of the Arts and Industries Building, Washington's relics were one of the earliest collections of the United States National Museum. SMITHSONIAN COLLECTIONS developed both as specimens from nature and as historical and technological objects. In 1911, the Smithsonian completed the Natural History building to store and exhibit the former items. The Mall itself was also filling up, as the Freer Gallery of Art opened in 1923 followed by National Gallery of Art in 1941.

The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, opened in 1974, is the first museum in Washington, D.C., to be devoted entirely to modern art. Its galleries, research facilities, and storage rooms are housed in a cylindrical, doughnut-shaped building designed by Gordon BUNSHAFT. The core of the collection, some 6,000 works of 19th- and 20th-century art, was assembled by businessman Joseph Hirshhorn and donated to the federal government in The collection is strongest in 19th-century French sculpture (Auguste Rodin, Honore Daumier), 19th-century American painting (Thomas Eakins, Mary Cassatt), and the first generation of the New York School (Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline). Sculptures by such artists as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Aristide Maillol, Constantin Brancusi, and Antoine Pevsner are displayed in the garden adjacent to the Hirshhorn building. The museum has been particularly active in exhibiting works by younger American sculptors that, because of their size or medium, are difficult to accommodate in traditional galleries.

SMITHSONIAN COLLECTIONS developed both as specimens from nature and as historical and technological objects. In 1911, the Smithsonian completed the Natural History building to store and exhibit the former items. The remaining collections increased over the next several decades and ultimately outgrew the Arts and Industries Building. The Mall itself was also filling up, as the Freer Gallery of Art opened in 1923 followed by National Gallery of Art in 1941.

THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF AMERICAN HISTORY opened to the public in January 1964 as the Museum of History and Technology. It was the sixth Smithsonian building on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. THE SMITHSONIAN was established in 1846 by an act of Congress as an institution for the "increase and diffusion of knowledge." Congress intended to set up a museum, a library, and a program of "active operations" for research and publications.

THE MUSEUM'S AREA is approximately 750,000 square feet, including a basement, three main exhibition levels, two office-collection levels, and a mechanical penthouse on the roof. The space includes workshops, laboratories, offices, libraries, archives, and other support areas along with an auditorium, a bookstore, gift shops, public and staff cafeterias, an ice cream parlor, and a working post office. The famous exhibition of the Smithsonian Ocean Planet.

BY THE 1850s the organization was called the U.S. National Museum and housed in the first Smithsonian building, then and now known as the "Castle." Twenty years later, many of the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition displays were transferred to the Smithsonian. The expanded collections moved into a new building--Arts and Industries--in The diamond Hope from the collection of the Diamond Fund.

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G.Bush jr. Abraham Lincoln George Washington John F.Kennedy Franklin D.Roosvelt Was the first president of the USA Was killed in 1963 Wrote the Emancipation Proclamation Was elected the president of the USA for three times Began the war in Iraq

- it is situated in the centre of Washington near the Smithsonian Institution -it is the tallest building of Washington -it is the seat of American lawmakers -it is surrounded by a beautiful garden

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G.Bush jr. began the war in Iraq. Abraham Lincoln wrote the Emancipation Proclamation. George Washington was the first president of the USA. John Kennedy was killed in Franclin D.Roosvelt was elected the president of the USA for three times. Вернуться

Капитолий (Capitol), здание в столице США Вашингтоне, где заседает конгресс США. Построено в стиле классицизма в (архитектор У. Торнтон, Б. Латроб, Т. Уолтер). К. называют также здания в столице штатов США, где проходят заседания местных законодательных ассамблей. Вернуться

This is the Castle, the Smithsonian Information Centre. Information about special activities is provided here. This information is devoted to the Washington Museums. You can see the address and the timetable of each museum. Вернуться