Республиканский институт повышения квалификации руководящих и научно-педагогических работников системы образования Республики Казахстан Филиал АО «НЦПК «Өрлеу» Программа повышения квалификации преподавателей педагогических специальностей вузов ПОРТФОЛИО «The Basic network services» Стамгазиева.Ж.К., к.ф.-м.н., КазНПУ им.Абая период обучения: Руководитель портфолио: Цой А.Н., начальник отдела дистанционного обучения АЛМАТЫ, 2012

The Brief history of the Internet. Internet major tools and services

Learning outcomes By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define what is the Internet Identify the Internet major tools and services Discuss briefly the Internets history Understand basic Internet concepts, terms and technology Describe how the Internet works

Understanding Internet Basics Short History of the Internet What is Internet? What are Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN) What are Server and Clients? How Internet Works? What is World Wide Web?

Short history of the internet In 1969, the US department of defense started a project to allow researches and military personal to communicate with each others in an emergency. The project was called Appranet and it is the foundation of the Internet.

Internet The internet is the largest computer network in the world, connecting millions of computers. A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together.

Local area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network There are two types of computer networks: LAN : A LAN is two or more connected computers sharing certain resources in a relatively small geographic location(the same building, for example). WAN: A WAN typically consists of 2 or more LANs. The computers are farther apart and are linked by telephone lines, dedicated telephone lines or radio waves. The Internet is the largest WAN.

What are Server and Clients All computers on the internet (WAN) can be lumped into groups: servers and clients. In a network, clients and servers communicate with one another.

Servers A server is the common source that: 1. Provides shared services (for example, network security measures) with other machines. 2.Manages resources (for example, one printer many people use) in a network. 3. The term server is often used to describe the hardware (computer), but the term also refers to the software (application) running on the computer. Many servers are dedicated, meaning they only perform specific tasks.

Example An server is a computer that has software running on it allowing it to "serve" -related services. A web server has software running on it that allows it to "serve" web-related services.

Clients Independent computers connected to a server are called clients. Most likely, your home or office computer does not provide services to other computers. Therefore, it is a client. Clients run multiple client software applications that perform specific functions. For example, An application such as Microsoft Outlook is client software. Your web browser (such as Internet Explorer or Netscape) is client software.

How Internet works ? Your computer is running a web browser such as Internet Explorer (client software). When you want to surf the web, your browsers connects to a remote server and requests a web page. The remote server (server hardware) runs web server software (server software). The web server sends the web page to your computers web browser. Your Web browser displays the page.

World Wide Web Tim Berners –Lee, a software engineer, invented WWW in The Web is a system of Internet servers that support specially-formatted documents. This specially formatted documents are text documents created in HTML, your web browser interprets these text documents so they become web pages. WEB pages contain formatted text, graphics, sound, animation and video allowing point and click navigation. Before the Web, the Internet was mostly text-based. To use it, you had to know lots of keyboard command prompts, making it largely unusable to the average person. The World Wide Web changed all that.

Activity Read these articles: A Basic Guide to the Internet l Learn the NET. Anatomy of a URL.