William Shakespeare, a Sweet Swan of Avon. Makarovskaya A. Zhuravlyova L.

The applause! Delight! The wonder of our stage! The applause! Delight! The wonder of our stage! …………………………………………………… …………………………………………………… Thou art a monument without a tomb, Thou art a monument without a tomb, And art alive still while thy book doth live, And art alive still while thy book doth live, And we have wits to read and praise to give. And we have wits to read and praise to give. ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… He was not of an age, but for all time! He was not of an age, but for all time! Ben Jonson Ben Jonson

The last half of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th centuries are known as the golden age of English literature. It was the time of the English Renaissance, and sometimes it is even called,,the age of Shakespeare. By that time England had become a powerful state, English trade was flourishing. The yoke of the feudal barons had been thrown off. New branches of science were developing. At the same time there was mo change for the better in the life of the English people, and the power of gold grew stronger. Shakespeare saw these contradictions and reflected them in his works. William Shakespeare, the greatest and most famous of English writers, and probably the greatest playwright who has ever lived, was born in the town of Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire. In spite of his fame we know very little about his life. The things that we know about Shakespeares life begin with the date when he was baptized in the church of Stratford, on April 26, 1564, when he was only a few days old. So he is believed to have been born April 23. His father, John Shakespeare, was a merchant and he had several houses in Stratford. Two of them were side by side in Henley Street, and it was in one of them that William was born. Williams mother, Mary Arden, was a farmers daughter of Wilmcote, near Stratford. William lived in Stratford until he was about twenty-one, when he went to London. We do not know why he left Stratford-on-Avon. There is a story that Shakespeares first job in London was holding rich mens horses at the theatre door. But nobody can be sure that this story is true. Later, Shakespeares first job in London was holding rich mens horses at the theatre door. But nobody can be sure that this story is true.

William Shakespeare, a great British poet and dramatist was born on April 23 in He was born in the family of John Shakespeare, a merchant.

Later, Shakespeare became an actor and a member of one of the chief acting companies. Soon he began to write plays for this company and in a few years became a well- known author. Shakespeare was a good friend to his comrades in the theatre. One writer of that time said that Shakespeare liked a quiet life, he did not like gay drunken parties, and was not fond of being invited to the court. If he was invited to the court, he was in pain. Shakespeare was well know enough to make one old playwright, Robert Greene, envious of him. Greene wrote an angry pamphlet on him saying that Shakespeare was stealing other mens plays pretending they were his own. This was not true, however, and soon afterwards the man who had published the pamphlet apologized to Shakespeare, saying that he knew how honest Shakespeare was. The theatre at that time was more closely connected with the people than any other art. All kinds of Londoners went to the theatre and were very fond of it. Shakespeares experience as an actor (although he usually acted only small parts like the Ghost in Hamlet) helped him greatly in the writing of his plays. His knowledge of the stage and his poetical genius made his plays the most wonderful ones ever written.

Shakespeare wrote 37 plays. Among them there are deep tragedies, such as Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, Macbeth, light comedies, such as The Merry Wives Windsor, Alls Well That Ends Well, Twelfth Night, Much Ado About Nothing, historical dramas, such as Henry Iv, Richard Most of Shakespeares plays were not published in his life-time. So some of them may have been lost in the fire when the,, Globe burned down in Shakespeare spent the last years of his life at Stratford where he died in He was buried in the church of Stratford. A monument was erected to the memory of the great playwright in the Poets Corner in Westminster Abbey. Shakespeare was a great humanist. His belief in the high and noble features of mans mind and heart was the foundation of his great humanist. Shakespeares belief in man was the source of his optimism which we can feel in even his blackest tragedies. Of course, it is not expressed in the positive endings when the Montagues and Capulets (Romeo and Juliet) shake hands or Fortinbras (Hamlet) ascends the throne. The optimist of Shakespeares tragedies has much deeper roots. His optimist is his belief in the triumph of the principle of harmony. Romeo and Juliet died but their ideal of free and happy love remained. Othello stabbed himself to death, but still retained his faith in harmony and happiness. Lear died but even as he died, he knew that truth existed in the world, personified for him by Cordelia.

Shakespeare was a great writer. He wrote many different kinds of plays. In his plays he could write equally well funny scenes, and scenes of fear and excitement. The characters in Shakespeares plays do not seem like,,characters in a book, but as if they were real people whom we could recognize at once if we met them in ordinary life instead of in the play. In fact, the names of some of Shakespeares characters, such as Hamlet, Othello, Romeo and many others, are known even to people who have never seen the plays in which they appear. Pushkin and Russian revolutionary democrats highly valued Shakespeare as one of the greatest poets of the world.

We have read many Shakespeares sonnets and such plays: Hamlet, Othello, Romeo and Juliet, Twelfth Night. Most of all We like Romeo and Juliet, because his characters are true to life, romantic and realistic. Shakespeares masterpieces help to know English better, to understand people, to learn more literature and history. His sonnets, plays and tragedies also help to solve our own problems and at the same time to escape from everyday life problems. We adore his characters. William Shakespeare and his characters are really not of an age but for all times as B. Jonson said.

Crabbed age and youth Cannot live together Youth is full of pleasance, Age is full of care Youth like summer morn, Age like winter weather, Youth like summer brave, Age like winter bare. Youth is full of sport, Ages breath is short. Youth is nimble, Age is lame, Youth is hot and bold, Age is weak and cold. Youth is wild, and Age is tame. Age, I do abhor thee; Youth, I do adore thee. O my love, my love is young. Age, I do defy thee.

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