Stock-Taking of Land Reform and Farm Restructuring Подведение итогов по земельной реформе и реструктуризации хозяйств Results of a World Bank-FAO policy.

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Stock-Taking of Land Reform and Farm Restructuring Подведение итогов по земельной реформе и реструктуризации хозяйств Results of a World Bank-FAO policy research study Результаты исследования ФАО и Всемирного Банка в 4-х странах СВЕ и СНГ David Sedik FAO Дэвид Седик ФАО

Land Reform in the CEE and CIS Countries is the Largest in Recent History Масштабы земельной реформы в странах СВЕ и СНГ превышают масштабы в других странах Country or regionPeriodDuration (years) Land transferred (million ha) Mexico Brazil Japan Korea Taiwan (Rep. of China) CEE countries CIS countries

Why a Stocktaking? Зачем подводить итоги? Land reform does not seem to have lived up to its potential «Земельная реформа не оправдала надежды». Так ли это? Four case studies: Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Moldova 4 страны: Азербайджан, Болгария, Казахстан, Молдова

Overview of presentation Структура презентации Selected results -- Некоторые результаты – Land reform and agricultural production Земельная реформа и валовая продукция в с-х – Farm performance Экономические результаты на уровне производителей – Households perceptions on well-being and rural services Мнение сельских жителей о благополучии и услугах – Households acceptance of land reform Отношение сельского населения к земельной реформе Policy implications -- Значение для аграрной политики

Land reform not the reason for production decline in the 1990s Земельная реформа не является причиной спада валовой продукции с-х In all four countries agricultural production began to – fall before land reform – grow after land reform Во всех 4-х странах валовая продукция с-х - падала еще до земельной реформы - начала расти после земельной реформы Земельная реформа и валовая продукция с-х

Moldova ВВП валовая продукция с-х Земельная реформа и валовая продукция с-х

Azerbaijan ВВП Земельная реформа и валовая продукция с-х валовая продукция с-х

Kazakhstan ВВП Земельная реформа и валовая продукция с-х валовая продукция с-х

Crop yield and area growth drive recovery in Moldova Рост производительности и посевной площади в Молдове Экономические результаты Посевная площадь урожайность Производительность животноводства

Yield and area growth drives recovery in Azerbaijan Рост производительности и посевной площади в Азербайджане Экономические результаты Посевная площадь урожайность Производительность животноводства

Crop yield growth drives recovery in Kazakhstan Рост производительности и посевной площади в Казахстане Экономические результаты Производительность животноводства Посевная площадь урожайность

Index of crop yields in individual farms higher than in corporate farms for most years (official statistics) Урожайность в индивидуальном секторе выше, чем в корпоративном секторе Moldova Individual farms Corporate farms Azerbaijan Individual farms Corporate farms Kazakhstan Individual farms31920 Corporate farms13510 Экономические результаты

TFP and land productivity greater in family farms from sample Полная производительность и производительность земли выше в семейных хозяйствах TFPLabor productivity Land productivity Moldova Family farms Corporate farms Azerbaijan Family farms2.37,8031,762 Corporate farms13, Экономические результаты

High portion of income from farming in Moldova and Azerbaijan Высокая доля семейного дохода от с-х производства в Молдове и Азербайджане Portion of family income from agriculture Доля семейного дохода от с-х производства

Rural public services: improvement in MD, deterioration in AZ Сельские услуги: улучшение в Молдове, ухудшение в Азербайджане 1. Scale from 0 to 100: 0=not available, 100=always available. 2. Before refers to the period before dismantling of collective/state farms. AzerbaijanMoldova Present level of household satisfaction 1) with service Before TodayBefore Today Electricity Gas Drinking water Telephone Мнение домохозяйств о благополучии

Perceived fairness of land reform lowest in Moldova По мнению опрашиваемых, справедливость зем. реформы ниже всего в Молдове % Percentage of households perceiving land allocation as fair Процент домохозяйств, по мнению которых зем. реформа была справедлива Отношение сельского населения к земельной реформе

Implications for policy Значение для аграрной политики Stability of growth after robust land reforms (AZ, MD) suggests that these reforms were beneficial Higher individual sector yields for many years suggests potential for moving more production to individual farms Land reform alone can not make up for lack of rural development, deteriorating infrastructure, etc. Стабилизация производства после земельной реформы свидетельствует о ее благоприятном влиянии Превышение урожайности в индивидуальном секторе оправдывает продолжения аграрной реформы Земельная реформа не может компенсировать за отсутствие развития сельских местностей, деградацию инфраструктуры, и т.д. Значение результатов для аграрной политики