27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR1 Введение Физические задачи первого этапа Концептуальная схема установки «Баррельная» часть Торцевые части Организационные аспекты Заключение Многоцелевой детектор MultiPurpose Detector (статус проекта) В. Кекелидзе, ОИЯИ

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR2 Планируется исследовать свойства адронов в веществе и состояния ядерного вещества, включая поиск возможных проявлений: - деконфаймента, - восстановления киральной симметрии, - фазовых переходов, - смешанной фазы и критической точки. Предлагается изучать процессы взаимодействия релятивистских ионов - с атомным весом от 1 до 238 (U 92+ ) - при сканировании по энергии реакции в области S NN = 3-9 GeV Эти исследования важны как для понимания природы взаимодействия тяжелых ионов, так и для решения вопросов космологии (эволюции Ранней Вселенной, формирования нейтронных звезд и др.) Физическая мотивация Теоретическое обоснование: Г.Зиновьев, А.Сисакян, А.Сорин, В.Тонеев и др.

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR3 Physics motivation The phase diagram in terms of the reduced energy density The trajectories calculated with hybrid model o open markers: QGSM steps: 0.3 fm/c & 0.5 fm/c filled markers: evolution within 3D relativistic hydrodynamics

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR4 MPD Collider NICA complex allocation

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR5 Collider NICA parameters

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR6 Progress in the NICA Conceptual Design Report New version of CDR is available Some parameters of the facility complex are clarified and corrected Subproject NUCLOTRON-M was considered & supported by PAC New perspectives of project realization are considered taking into account available R&Ds and production technologies Next step – preparation of TDR Лидеры проекта: А.Сисакян, А.Сорин, А.Коваленко, И.Мешков, Г.Трубников

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR7 dedicated experiments Fixed target experiments NA61 at SPSCERN (waiting for approval) and CBM at SIS100 GSI (in preparation) advantages of collider experiments: possibility to have 4 acceptance ! les critical for variation of detected particle density (limited by the resolution), introduced by energy scan Collider experiments - running at high energies: STAR & Fenix at RHIC BNL, ALICE at LHC CERN STAR plans to run at low energies ( S NN = 4-9 GeV, for U 92+ ) Not adopted due to: luminocity falls down, calorimetry ?

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR8 Event-by-event fluctuation in hadron productions (multiplicity, Pt etc.) HBT correlations indicating the space-time size of the systems involving π, K, p, Λ (possible changes close to the de-confinement point) Directed & elliptic flows for various hadrons Hyperon production: yield & spectra (the probes of nuclear media phases) Experimental Tasks – the first stage targets the effects to be studied on energy & centrality scanning:

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR9 longitudinal (z-axis) space limited by ~ 800 cm between the collider optics radial scale limited by engineering problems & cost (R < 200 cm) Initial constrains: MPD – conceptual design Solution: compact solenoid with the major parts of detector located in the magnetic field design of superconducting magnet with closed yoke geometry to provide homogeneous magnetic field

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR10 Au + Au collisions with max. total energy of GeV/u Central interaction within b: 0 – 3 fm Minimum bias within b: 0 – 15.8 fm Collision rate at L=10 27 cm -2 s -1 : ~ 6 kHz Simulation First stage of simulation based on UrQMD & GEANT4 in the framework of the MPD-Root shell:

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR11 Charged particles Multiplicity Observables

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR12 Observables Fig.6 Pulse spectra of pions, kaons and protons in different regions of the pseudorapidity of MPD detector. Spectrum of the primary protons is presented for demonstration that the low energy peak on the spectrum of all protons is due to secondary protons created in the matter before TOF in both Barrel and End cap regions. Charged particles momenta

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR13 General View MPD – conceptual design

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR14 limited by collider optics 2700 MPD – conceptual design basic geometry preliminary Defined as a compromise between: -TOF requirement -tracker resolution - magnetic field formation - the cost

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR15 Magnenic field superconducting solenoidal magnet magnetic field 0.5 T cryostat inner radius ~ 1.5 m (region available for the detector) iron yoke is used to form a homogeneous magnetic field color step 5 Gauss (~1 pm) - good homogeneity feasible for TPC

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR16 Magnetic field MPD – conceptual design

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR17 Pseudorapidity spectra Observables

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR18 MPD – conceptual design Towards 4 acceptance: to cover a wide pseudorapidity range Very EndCap Barrel EndCap Very Forward

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR19 BARREL

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR20 Major tracker - TPC + Inner Tracker - silicon strip detector / micromegas chamber for tracking close to the interaction region + Outer Tracker straw barrel (optional) MPD MPD Barrel part tracking, precise momentum measurement & particle ID in the region -1 <

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR21 TPC – major tracker

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR22 specification (preliminary) Outer radius ~ 110 cm Inner radius 20 cm Drift length ~135 cm Number of sections (each side) 12 Total number of readout chambers 24 (12 – each side) Drift time ~ s Multiplicity for charged particles (central collision) ~ 500 Total pad/channels number ~ dE/dx resolution ~ 6% (50 samples x 2cm) Special resolution ( x R x z ) 3 x 0.4 x 3 mm Maximal rate 10 kHz TPC – major tracker

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR23 TPC – track reconstruction

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR24 Complementary detector for track precise reconstruction in the region close to the interaction piont Cylindrical geometry (4 layers) covering the interaction region ~ 50 cm along the beam axis Inner Tracker (silicon strips) 35 cm Possible contribution to dE/dx measurements for charged particles

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR25 Time of Flight TOF Barrel system TOF detector covers the region |η| < 1 with an acceptance ~ 93% The barrel surface ~ 30 m2 ( length 4 m, radius of 1,3 m) The counters are placed in 12 modules, 560 counters in total The total number of readout channels is Time resolution ~ 100 ps

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR26 Distribution of RPCs in the barrel multigap RPCs distribution in the module box. the basic element of RPC multigap RPC counter is 7 cm x 67 cm, it has 150 pads with size 2.3cm x 2 cm. Time of Flight

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR27 Specification: the RPC TOF system looks like barrel with the length 4 m and radius of 1,3 m. the barrel surface is about 33 m2 the dimensions of one RPC counter is 7 cm x 100 cm it has 150 pads with size 2,3cm x 2 cm. the full barrel is covered by 160 counters the total number of readout channels is Time resolution ~ 100 ps Time of Flight

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR28 Time of Flight track momenta mass reconstruction for central events

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR29 blue red Time of Flight momentum spectra ratios for primary K / particles no essential bias on momentum for the separation

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR30 Electromagnetic Calorimeter GeV photon energy spectrum photon multiplicity (from π0 decay in red) requires high granularity: average occupancy in barrel for 3x3 cm crystals < 3% Photons in the barrel

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR31 Electromagnetic Calorimeter 500 < p < 1000 MeV/c = 1.0%/ E = 2.5%/ E = 5.0%/ E = 10.0%/ E M( ), MeV/c 2 Requirements for 0 reconstruction

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR32 EndCap

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR33 End Cap Tracker Straw Wheels (stereo radial) MPD MPD End-Cap parts for tracking & momentum reconstruction + particle ID at 1< | |< 2.65 Time Of Flight RPC (+ start/stop sys.) for charged particle ID

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR34 ECT straw wheel Number of track hits = f(R) is related to reconstruction efficiency Pseudorapidity correlation with track hit numbers Multiplex solution: set of wheels each rotated by extra to fill the circle

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR35 ECT straw wheel Stereo wheel construction: each stereo wheel contains 4 layers of radial straws with different orientation P = 1.5 GeV/c, =1.5 =2.2 % =

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR36 RPC EndCap η< 2.00 η > 1.1 η< 2.65 occupancy /straw < 15 %

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR37 Time of Flight barrel region charged particle mass reconstruction EndCap region

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR38 Track reconstruction efficiency TPC ECT ECT complements TPC to extend pseudorapidity range

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR39 Very Forward

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR40 Beam Beam Counters for centrality determination & reconstruction of the interaction point + start /stop system for ToF Zero Degree Calorimeter for centrality determination, measurement of fluctuations MPD V MPD Very Forward parts for energy deposit estimation & chrged particle counts at | > 2.65

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR41 Pseudorapidy region: (out of the TPC acceptance) usable for centrality /min bias triggers Beam Beam Counter small tiles - within 12 cm diameter, large tiles x 4 larger. R= 110 cm Expected number of charged track accepted vs. impact parameter (Hijing predictions).

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR42 INR RAN measurement of centrality: b ~ A - Nspect selection of centrality at trigger level measurement of event-by-event fluctuations to exclude the fluctuation of participants monitor of beam intensity by detecting the neutrons from electromagnetic dissociation ε e / ε h = 1 - compensated calorimeter Lead / Scintillator sandwich Zero Degree Calorimeter

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR43 Zero Degree Calorimeter Full beam intensity. -minimum 16 modules. X Z Beam hole

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR44 DAQ & Computing events ~ disk space TB PCs ~ 1800

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR45 Engineering + auxiliaries Require essential reconstruction of the intersection area to provide access for works & for necessary auxiliaries

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR46 Cost Estimation in k$ (very preliminary) Magnet TPC IT (SSD /MM) / 750 OT TOF ECAL (cristal / shashlyk) / ECT BBC TDAQ ZDC Slow Control Computing Engineering _________________ _________ Total

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR47 At first approximation - all sub-detectors could be designed & constructed at JINR based on the existing expertise & infrastructure some sub-detectors could have alternative designs in order to provide possibility for potential collaborators to substitute/accomplish corresponding groups in future The first realistic draft of the Letter of Intent & the rough cost estimation =- are available MPD – organizational aspects

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR48 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, NASUk Nuclear Physics Institute of MSU, RF Institute of Allied Physics, Academy of Science Moldova __________///________ open for extension MPD – Collaboration A consortium involving GSI, JINR & other centers for IT module development & production is at the organizational stage

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR49 MPD Collaboration

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR50 Progress in the MPD Letter of Intent The first LoI version is available MPD conceptual design is proposed with an acceptance close to 4 Major parts of the detector are based on the known technologies & R&Ds Alternative solutions are indicated for some of the subdetectors Rough estimation of the cost is presented Основополагающий вклад: А.Сисакян, А.Сорин, Д.Архипкин, В.Борисов, В.Головатюк, Ю.Заневский, А.Зинченко, В.Кекелидзе, Ю.Кирюшин, А.Курепин, С.Лобастов, Д.Мадигожин, Н.Молоканова, Ю.Мурин, Ж.Мусульманбеков В.Никитин, В.Пешехонов, Ю.Потребеников, И.Тяпкин, О.Рогачевский, В.Слепнев, А.Шабунов, Б.Щинов

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR51 Письмо о намерениях (Letter of Intent) - подготовлено и доступно Работа над проектом продолжается - моделирование с целью оптимизации параметров -интенсифицируются R & D, (особенно по ключевым детекторам) Проведен ряд организационных мероприятий с рамках ОИЯИ с целью укрепления коллективов, участвующих в работе над проектом и выделены дополнительные ресурсы для работы Важнейшая задача - привлечение новых участников, готовых внести заметный вклад в проект (интеллектуальный, материальный) Заключение

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR52 Истинная правда иногда похожа на её отсутствие. Дао де цзин, VI в до н.э.

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR53 Spare

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR54 Inner Tracker - MMGC (optional) Number of double mesh chambers: 32 Covered area: 3,2 m 2 N of RO channels: 20000

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR55 12 x 2 (R+L) double modules occupancy ~ 4% for segmented straw with the lengths: 330mm (central), 500 mm & 700 mm OuterTracker - Straw barrel (optional) to enhance tracking parameters in |η| < 1

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR56 ECAL -Pb- scintillator 10x10 cm 2 Module - 18 X 0 ~ 30.6 cm AMPD read-out ECal Shashlyk

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR57 ECal PbWO 4 (optional) basic element -PbWO4 (3x3x16cm 3 ), wrapped in Tyvek & coated with black tube a light detector is glued onto the outer face of the crystal One module (24x24x22 cm 3 ) - 64 crystals including light detectors & preamps The module has 0.5 mm thick walls of a folded Al plate fixed to the Al support In total 510 modules with crystals

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR58 Possible indication on phase transition measurements of related yields for charged kaons & pions Some enhancement is indicated in the energy region around ~ Е лаб = 30 А ГэВ

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR59 Relative yield of Charged kaons Observables

27 March 2008V.Kekelidze, Seminar at INR60 Elliptic flow, v 2 Observables