СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СМИ ЭСТОНИИ Мария Юферева maria.jufereva@gmail.com.

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СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СМИ ЭСТОНИИ Мария Юферева

Формирование современного рынка СМИ в Эстонии Страны Восточной и Центральной Европы в конце 80-х гг. ХХ века Переход от коммунистического режима к демократии «Европеизация» медиасистемы by Jakubowicz (2009). Подход либерального рынка СМИ в Балтии (Curran, 1997, p. 139)

Формирование современного рынка СМИ в Эстонии Факторы, влияющие на развитие системы СМИ в условиях либеральной политики: –размер национального рынка –экономические условия –культурный и исторический контекст.

Формирование современного рынка СМИ в Эстонии Население Эстонии в человек, 68% из них этнические эстонцы. 93% всех неэстонцев - русскоязычные – потенциальные потребители русскоязычных СМИ в Эстонии

Формирование современного рынка СМИ в Эстонии 1. Eesti Meedia AS (until 2013 owned by Norweigian corporation Schibsted ASA) (Postimees, Kanal 2, Elu 24, AS Trio LSL, День за Днем, Postimees на русском языке, Лимон, Народное Радио, DFM). 2. Modern Times Group (MTG), TV3+, TV3, TV6, Viasat Sport, TV Ekspress Grupp AS (Delfi, Eesti Ekspress, Maaleht, EPL-online, Õhtuleht, Ajakirjade Kirjastus jt). 4. BMA Estonia (ПБК, REN TV Baltija, Первый Балтийский Музыкальный канал, НТВ Мир, МК-Эстония,

Русскоязычные СМИ Эстонии «Золотой» период русскоязычных СМИ Эстонии Кризис и адаптация Относительная стабилизация Новые тенденции Новый подъем Второй кризис и адаптация – до сих пор Относительная стабилизация

Русскоязычные СМИ Эстонии Издания Таллинна Газета «Столица» Портал Передачи на ПБК «Наша Столица», «Доброе утро, Таллинн», «Русский Вопрос»

СМИ национальных меньшинств minority, ethnic, diasporic or minority-language media. Deuze (2006: 262) media produced by and for minority groups, living in the host country. Arnold and Schneider (2007) study ethnic media and ethnic journalists in Germany. Moring, Husband, Lojander-Visapää, Vincze, Fomina and Nieminen Mänty (2011) use the term ´minority language media Georgiou (2005), who studied the role of minority media of British ethnic minorities in the territory of UK, prefers term ´diasporic media´. Mike Cormack (2007) prefers the term ´minority language media´ for different reasons. The status of language in state is crucial in his consideration.

Интеграция и СМИ в Эстонии Minorities working in journalism contribute to media diversity by bringing in minority- specific issues; - The use of mainstream media by minorities is considered important for their intercultural integration.

Интеграция и СМИ в Эстонии Integration in Estonian Society Estonian Integration Strategy One of the aims of the Integration Strategy is to achieve by the year 2013 the situation where the majority of those whose mother tongue is not Estonian, regularly receive information via mass media in Estonian and trust this information. (Rahvastikuministri büroo (the Office of the Minister for population affairs, accessed October 19, 2009)

Русскоязычные журналисты Эстонии In 2011 in Estonia worked 140 Russian- speaking journalists One third of Russian-speaking journalists have higher journalistic education, half of them are holders of other than journalistic higher education.

Русскоязычные журналисты Эстонии Russian-speaking journalists as agents of integration? to discuss actual problems in Estonia (94%), to tell about Estonian culture and history (74%), to report on joint projects in which take part Russian-speakers and Estonians (72%), to report on events in Estonian media (67%).

Русскоязычные журналисты Эстонии to preserve and develop Russian language; to report on ridiculous statements made by Estonian politicians and leaders of public opinion in Estonian media; to demonstrate successful Russian-speakers in Estonia, to inspire Russian-speaking minority to be socially active (to take part in public debates, social and civic projects etc.).