WHY DO WE NEED A COMPUTER? 1. HOW IS THE FIRST COMPUTER LOOK LIKE? - презентация

1 WHY DO WE NEED A COMPUTER? 1. HOW IS THE FIRST COMPUTER LOOK LIKE?

2 Chronological line of the computer 1642 – a French mathematician Blez Paskal 1642 – a French mathematician Blez Paskal invented the first mechanical calculator. invented the first mechanical calculator – a French engineer Zhozef Mary Zhakkar made a weaving loom operating by perforating cards – a French engineer Zhozef Mary Zhakkar made a weaving loom operating by perforating cards.

3 There were different machines and the plans of their inventions in 1830-s and in their constructions we saw the principles of the modern computers. But these projects were rather complicated for the techniques of the XIX century and their realization into the life would be only a century later.

4 1888 – An American G.Hollerit founded a company the predecessor of the IBM Corporation – An American G.Hollerit founded a company the predecessor of the IBM Corporation – Koloss –a computer for a deciphering 1943 – Koloss –a computer for a deciphering of German codes was built in England. of German codes was built in England – a computer ENIAC ( an electronic 1946 – a computer ENIAC ( an electronic number integrator and a computer) in the Pennsylvania university. number integrator and a computer) in the Pennsylvania university.

5 1947 – John Bardin, Yolter Brattain and William 1947 – John Bardin, Yolter Brattain and William Shokly, scientific workers of the Bell Laboratories (USA) invented a transistor. Shokly, scientific workers of the Bell Laboratories (USA) invented a transistor – a Manchester miracle, computer Mark – a Manchester miracle, computer Mark-1 made a record of counting without mistakes. made a record of counting without mistakes – the first computer Ferranti Mark-1 was made for selling – the first computer Ferranti Mark-1 was made for selling.

6 1958 – Americans Jack Kilby and Robert Noise 1958 – Americans Jack Kilby and Robert Noise made the first integral microscheme. made the first integral microscheme – the beginning of the production of the second generations computers with transistors 1958 – the beginning of the production of the second generations computers with transistors 1963 – the company DEC showed the first 1963 – the company DEC showed the first computer. computer.

7 1964 –BASIC was invented (the symbolic language which made the process of programming more easier) –BASIC was invented (the symbolic language which made the process of programming more easier) –Alan Shugart from the company IBM 1968 –Alan Shugart from the company IBM made the 8 th inch disk for keeping information. made the 8 th inch disk for keeping information –Dug Engelhard showed the computer mouse –Dug Engelhard showed the computer mouse – Garry Shtarkvezer fromKserokscompany invented laser printer – Garry Shtarkvezer fromKserokscompany invented laser printer.

8 1970 – the first computers with the leading 1970 – the first computers with the leading integral scheme appeared in the world. integral scheme appeared in the world – Ted Hoff invented a microprocessor – 1971 – Ted Hoff invented a microprocessor – a computer on one crystal a computer on one crystal – IBM issued the first hard disk 1973 – IBM issued the first hard disk 1974 –IBM began the production of the 1974 –IBM began the production of the super fast computer with the parallel countings. super fast computer with the parallel countings.

9 1979 – appeared the first electronic table VisiCalc for business counting on the personal computer – appeared the first electronic table VisiCalc for business counting on the personal computer – Microsoft received the license on 1980 – Microsoft received the license on QDOS, redo this operating system and won the contract on its delivery for the new personal computer IBM QDOS, redo this operating system and won the contract on its delivery for the new personal computer IBM 1980 – Winchester, the first micro hard disk 1980 – Winchester, the first micro hard disk with the size of 5,25 inches was in the sale. with the size of 5,25 inches was in the sale.

10 1981 – IBM issued the first personal computer – IBM issued the first personal computer. Computer Xerox Star was sold for Computer Xerox Star was sold for USA dollars. It was equipped with WIMP USA dollars. It was equipped with WIMP system, the previous of interface click and system, the previous of interface click and drag. But the project came to grief. drag. But the project came to grief – The first IBM 1982 – The first IBM

11 Do you know computers parts and software? 1. System block 2.Display 3.Software 4.Mouse 5.Keyboard 6. Hard Disk Driver 7.Floppy Disk Driver 8. License 9. Mouse pad

12 What is a computer? Is it a being living or a machine?

13 2. What is Internet? Computer link appeared to join parts of machines and let their users to exchange some facts. Computer link appeared to join parts of machines and let their users to exchange some facts. Later there were adopted some agreements which were named Later there were adopted some agreements which were named protocols for exchanging of materials inside the net. A system of addresses was designed in 1980 and it gave an opportunity for every computer to join with other different computers on the net. A system of addresses was designed in 1980 and it gave an opportunity for every computer to join with other different computers on the net. The Internet began to form. The Internet began to form. The possibility of working on the PC ( personal computer) using The possibility of working on the PC ( personal computer) using such enclosure as Internet ( WORLD WIDE WEB- WWW ), electronic commerce and mail changed our life, work and business. such enclosure as Internet ( WORLD WIDE WEB- WWW ), electronic commerce and mail changed our life, work and business.

14 3.What is ? It is an electronic mail which uses Internet for transmission of messages between users with unique addresses. It is an electronic mail which uses Internet for transmission of messages between users with unique addresses. Messages are followed by the mail servers on their way until they rich the need addresses. Messages are followed by the mail servers on their way until they rich the need addresses.