EDWARD JENNER, FRS (17 MAY 1749 – 26 JANUARY 1823) WAS AN ENGLISH PHYSICIAN AND SCIENTIST HE IS OFTEN CALLED "THE FATHER OF IMMUNOLOGY", AND HIS WORK IS. - презентация

1 EDWARD JENNER, FRS (17 MAY 1749 – 26 JANUARY 1823) WAS AN ENGLISH PHYSICIAN AND SCIENTIST HE IS OFTEN CALLED "THE FATHER OF IMMUNOLOGY", AND HIS WORK IS SAID TO HAVE "SAVED MORE LIVES THAN THE WORK OF ANY OTHER HUMAN"

2 The Disease Smallpox is the viral infection which affects only people. Smallpox localized in small blood vessels of the skin and in the mouth and throat. After vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the WHO certified the eradication of smallpox in 1979

3 The Theory The initial source of infection was a disease of horses, called "the grease", which was transferred to cattle by farm workers, transformed, and then manifested as cowpox.

4 The Experiment On 14 May 1796, Jenner tested his hypothesis by inoculating James Phipps, an eight-year-old boy who was the son of Jenner's gardener. He scraped pus from cowpox blisters on the hands of Sarah Nelmes, a milkmaid who had caught cowpox from a cow called Blossom. Jenner inoculated Phipps in both arms that day, subsequently producing in Phipps a fever and some uneasiness, but no full-blown infection.

5 Facts Known: Smallpox is more dangerous than variolation and cowpox less dangerous than variolation. Hypothesis: Infection with cowpox gives immunity to smallpox. Test: If variolation after infection with cowpox fails to produce a smallpox infection, immunity to smallpox has been achieved. Consequence: Immunity to smallpox can be induced much more safely than by variolation. variolation - active immunization against smallpox the introduction of the risk content of smallpox bubbles patients.

6 Personal life Jenner married Catherine Kingscote (died 1815 from tuberculosis) in March 1788 after meeting her while he and other Fellows were experimenting with balloons. Jenner's trial balloon descended into Kinescope Park, Gloucestershire, owned by Anthony Kingscote, one of whose daughters was Catherine.

7 The end of the Jenners way Feat English scientist has won the recognition of all mankind, he was accepted as an honorary member of many scientific societies of Europe. Edward Jenner was made an honorary citizen of London, he received a bronze monument in Kensington garden square, London medical company was awarded with big gold medal. Died Jenner 26 January 1823 at the Zenith of fame.

8 Question What is the name of E. Jenners wife? Catherine Kingscote How Jenner has been called? The father of immunology What is more dangerous: variolation or vaccination? vaccination