I awoke this morning with devout thanksgiving for my friends, the old and new. Will Carleton

Do you like holidays? What holidays are your favourite? Why?

H AVE YOU EVER HEARD ABOUT T HANKSGIVING DAY ? Thanksgiving (Day) Thanksgiving (Day) [ ˌ θæŋks'g ɪ v ɪ ŋ (de ɪ )] - День благодарения (официальный праздник в память первых колонистов Массачусетса, отмечается в четвертый четверг ноября) American Indian [ ə 'mer ɪ k ə n ˌ ' ɪ nd ɪ ə n] - индеец Puritan ['pju ə r ɪ t( ə )n] - рел. ист. пуританин pilgrim ['p ɪ lgr ɪ m] - амер. ист. первый колонист turkey ['t ɜː k ɪ ] - индюк, индейка blessing ['bles ɪ ŋ] - благословение, молитва (до или после еды) prayer [pr ɛ ə ] - молитва colonist ['k ɔ l ə n ɪ st] - колонист, поселенец settler ['setl ə ] - колонист, поселенец travel ['træv( ə )l] - путешествие voyage ['v ɔɪɪʤ ] - плавание, морское путешествие tradition [tr ə 'd ɪʃ ( ə )n] - традиция, старый обычай American Indian Puritan pilgrim turkey blessing prayer colonist settler travel voyage tradition grain [gre ɪ n]- злаки squash -кабачок fowl [faul]-птица

Other words: Plymouth - Плимут (город в Англии); Massachusetts - Массачусетс (штат США); Mayflower - амер. ист. "Мейфлауэр" (название корабля, на котором первые поселенцы Новой Англии пересекли Атлантический океан); New World - (the New World) Новый Свет (Северная и Южная Америка) fall - амер. осень; gratitude - благодарность, признательность; parade - парад; holiday - праздник, день отдыха; celebration - празднование, празднество, торжества; feast - празднование, торжество; банкет, пир, званый обед (ужин); dinner - званый, торжественный обед; centerpiece - амер. предмет, который ставят в центр (ваза на середине стола; свечной канделябр); wishbone = wishing bone - дужка, грудная кость птицы (дужку разламывают два человека, каждый из которых загадывает желание, желание сбудется у того, кто отломит большую половину); Thanksgiving leftovers - остатки праздничного обеда на День благодарения to stuff a turkey - фаршировать, начинять индейку; to roast a turkey - жарить индейку; to carve a turkey - разделывать тушку индейки; mashed potatoes - картофельное пюре; drumstick - куриная ножка; cranberries - клюква; pumpkin pie - тыквенный пирог; apple pie - яблочный пирог

T HE CALENDAR OF THE HOLIDAY

T HE ORIGIN OF THE HOLIDAY Thanksgiving Day is a harvest festival. Traditionally, it is a time to give thanks for the harvest and express gratitude in general. It is a holiday celebrated primarily in Canada and the United States. The American Thanksgiving began as a feast of thanksgiving almost four hundred years ago. In 1620, a religious Puritan community sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the New World. They settled in what is now known as the state of Massachusetts. Their first winter in America was difficult. They arrived too late to grow a rich harvest. Moreover, half the colony died from disease. The following spring the Iroquois Indians taught them how to grow corn. Indians showed them also how to grow other crops and how to hunt and fish. In the autumn of 1621 they got a beautiful harvest of corn, barley, beans and pumpkins. The colonists had much to be thankful for, so they planned a feast. Local Indian chief and ninety Indians were present. The colonists learned from Indians how to cook cranberries and dishes of corn and pumpkins. In following years many of the colonists celebrated the harvest with a feast of thanks. After the United States gained independence, Congress recommended one yearly day of thanksgiving for the whole country. Later, George Washington suggested the date November 26 as Thanksgiving Day. Then, after the Civil war, Abraham Lincoln suggested the last Thursday in November to be the day of thanksgiving. On Thanksgiving Day, family members gather at the house of an older relative, even if they live far away. All give thanks for everything good they have. Charitable organizations offer traditional meal to the homeless. Foods, eaten at the first thanksgiving, have become traditional. The traditional thanksgiving meal consists of roast turkey stuffed with herb-flavoured bread, cranberry jelly, mashed potatoes, pumpkin pie. Other dishes may vary as to region: ham, sweet potatoes, creamed corn. Today, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October in Canada and on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States. Thanksgiving dinner is held on this day, usually as a gathering of family members and friends. Americans of all religions celebrate this holiday with big dinners and family reunions. It is a time to remember all the good things in life and to be thankful. Turkey is a traditional Thanksgiving Day Food.

R ECIPES Roasted Turkey with Butter Glaze Preparation time: minutes Roasting Time: 3-4 hours Ingredients to 16-pound turkey 1/2 cup softened butter 1/4 cup packed brown sugar 2 tablespoons snipped fresh marjoram or 2 teaspoons dried marjoram, crushed 1 teaspoon finely shredded lemon peel 1/4 cup bourbon Salt to taste 2 teaspoon Pepper Fresh herbs (optional) Method of Preparation: 1. Combine butter, brown sugar, marjoram, and lemon peel in a small mixing bowl for glazing. 2. Put turkey, breast side up, on a rack in a shallow roasting pan. separate turkey skin from breast meat, with your hands, taking care not to tear the meat or skin. Spread half of the glaze over the breast meat under the skin. 3. Melt and cool remaining glaze. Stir in bourbon. Brush mixture over outside of turkey. Season turkey with salt and pepper. Pull neck skin to back and fasten with a short skewer. Tuck drumsticks under the band of skin that crosses the tail. If there isn't a band, tie drumsticks to tail. Twist wing tips under back. 4. Insert a meat thermometer in the center of an inside thigh muscle. The thermometer bulb should not touch bone. Cover turkey loosely with foil. Roast in a 325 degree F oven for 3-3/4 to 4-1/4 hours or until thermometer registers 180 degrees F. After 3 hours, cut the skin or string between drumsticks. For browning, remove foil in the last 30 minutes of roasting Turkey is done when drumsticks move very easily in their sockets and their thickest parts feel soft when pressed. Remove turkey from oven and cover loosely with foil. Let stand 15 to 20 minutes before carving. garnish platter with fresh herbs and kumquats. Makes 12 to 15 servings.

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