The Renaissance & the Age of Exploration

400 BC 200BC Greco-Roman- Classical Era The Renaissance & Age of Discovery European History from the Classical Era to the Renaissance Medieval Era- Middle Ages ? Venus di Milo Mona Lisa Bayeaux Tapestry

Middle Ages

How did trade increase in the early 1300s? The Mongols took over China and reopened the Silk Road. The Crusades opened trade between Europe and the Muslim world.

How did Italys location help it start the Renaissance?

Venice grew rich from its ships controlling trade

1.This painting from the Renaissance shows that (a)the role of women improved. (b)trade improved. (c)feudalism was over because there is more money, and this replaced bonds of loyalty. (d)all of the above 2. The people in the painting are rich because (a)they own books. (b)the man is a bishop. (c)the woman owns the business. (d)they are married.

Renaissance 1. Introduction A. starts in Italian city-states in mid-1300s B. European trade improves during 1200s C. rich Italian merchants become patrons (sponsors)

Renaissance 1. Introduction A. starts in Italian city-states in mid-1300s B. European trade improves during 1200s C. rich Italian merchants become patrons (sponsors) 2. Renaissance Ideas A. during Middle Ages, Catholic Church controlled society

scholars developed a new way of looking at the world they tried to combine the teachings of the church with the new ideas of the Renaissance new scholars became known as humanists Humanists believed that humans could develop their own lives for good or for evil and control their own destiny humanists criticized the Catholic Church for its corruption and inflexible teachings, he wanted the church to improve (reform) humanism

In the Renaissance, scholars realized that the Bible could not provide all the answers to the questions they had. They found the Ancient Romans and Greeks and the answers to many of their questions…

The School of Athens – by Raphael

1.How were books reproduced during the Medieval Period? a.by computer b.they were made in China c.monks copied books by hand d.all of the above 2.How long could it take a monk to copy a book? a.5 days b.5 weeks c.5 months d.5 years 3. How did the printing press change book production? a.more books were made b.books became more expensive c.fewer books were made d.all of the above 4. The printing press led to a.ideas spreading. b.more literacy. c.more people reading books. d.all of the above Printing Press

Renaissance artists tried to make their art look realistic perspective

Famous Italian Artists

Renaissance 1. Introduction A. starts in Italian city-states in mid-1300s B. European trade improves during 1200s C. rich Italian merchants become patrons (sponsors) 2. Renaissance Ideas A. during Middle Ages, Catholic Church controlled society B. scholars studied Ancient Greek and Roman art, writings, and architecture C. Humanist scholars focus on individual potential D. invention of printing press helps ideas spread E. artists like da Vinci create new ways of painting

William Shakespeare actor, poet, and playwright good way with words and understanding of human behavior wrote 38 plays and poetry

________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Questions Notes: Renaissance 1.Introduction A. starts in Italian city-states in mid-1300s B. European trade improves during 1200s C. rich Italian merchants become patrons (sponsors) 2. Renaissance Ideas A. Middle Ages - Catholic Church controlled society B. scholars studied Ancient Greek and Roman art, writings, and architecture C. Humanist scholars focus on individual potential D. invention of printing press helps ideas spread E. artists like da Vinci create new ways of painting F. writers like Shakespeare and Machiavelli focus on people and society 3. Effects of the Renaissance A. Europeans question authority of the Church B. idea of individual potential increases C. Roman & Greek ideas challenge authority D. Europeans become interested in other countries

________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Questions Notes: Age of Exploration 1.Reasons for Exploration A. Crusades - by-pass intermediaries to get to Asia B. Renaissance – curiosity of other lands & people C. Reformation - refugees & missionaries D. monarchs seeking new sources of revenue E. technological advances F. fame and fortune 2. Early European Exploration A. Portuguese sail around Africa to reach Asia B. Spain creates American Empire i. Columbus sails west and finds Americas ii. Cortez defeats Aztec Empire iii. Pizarro defeats Inca Empire 3.Rival European Exploration A. Spains success encourages other Europeans i. Dutch start trading companies ii. British & French start Asian trading companies 4.Effects of Exploration A. Europeans build colonial empire in Americas B. native populations ravaged by disease C. influx of gold, and especially silver, into Europe created an inflationary economic climate D. new products introduced across the continents (Columbian Exchange) E. triangular trade and enslavement of Africans

Age of Exploration

A Map of the Known World, p re- 1492

New Maritime Technologies Hartman Astrolabe (1532) Better Maps [Portulan] Sextant Mariners Compass

New Weapons Technology

Prince Henry, the Navigator School for Navigation, 1419

Christofo Colon [ ]

Fernando Cortez The First Spanish Conquests: The Aztecs Montezuma II vs.vs.

Mexico Surrenders to Cortez

Francisco Pizarro The First Spanish Conquest: The Incas Atahualpa vs.

Treasures from the Americas!

New Colonial Rivals

Effects of European Exploration

European Empires in the Americas

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization Explorers Conquistadores Missionaries Permanent Settlers Official European Colony!

The Colonial Class System Peninsulares Creoles MestizosMulattos Native Indians Black Slaves

The Columbian Exchange Squash Avocado Peppers Sweet Potatoes Turkey Pumpkin Tobacco Quinine Cocoa Pineapple Cassava POTATO Peanut TOMATO Vanilla MAIZE Syphilis Olive COFFEE BEAN Banana Rice Onion Turnip Honeybee Barley Grape Peach SUGAR CANE Oats Citrus Fruits Pear Wheat HORSE Cattle Sheep Pigs Smallpox Flu Typhus Measles Malaria Diptheria Whooping Cough Trinkets Liquor GUNS

Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar Mill

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

Slave Ship Middle Passage

Age of Exploration 1. Reasons for Exploration 2. Early European Exploration A. Portuguese sail around Africa to reach Asia B. Spain creates American Empire i. Columbus sails west and finds Americas ii. Cortez defeats Aztec Empire iii. Pizarro defeats Inca Empire 3. Rival European Exploration A. Spains success encourages other Europeans i. Dutch start trading companies and become great sailors ii. British start trading companies in Asia iii. French also move into Asia 4. Effects of Exploration A. Europeans build colonial empire in Americas B. native populations ravaged by disease C. influx of gold, and especially silver, into Europe created an inflationary economic climate D. new products introduced across the continents (Columbian Exchange) E. triangular trade and enslavement of Africans

New Patterns of World Trade