Tambov Instrument-making college Project Information technology Has executed: Kuzmin Vladimir, Student of R
Information technology, IT, comprises Electronic computer technology Telecommunications technology
The rapid development of electronic computer technology really started with the invention of the integrated circuit around 1960 and the microprocessor in the 1970s, when the number of components on a chip became sufficiently large to allow the creation of a complete micro computer.
Today there are chips with millions of separate components.
Chip development has been matched by powerful developments in telecommunications technology. Just as the integrated circuit has been and is a prime mover for electronic computer technology, ultra-rapid transistors and semiconductor lasers based on heterostructures of semiconductors are playing a decisive part in modern telecommunications.
Heterostructures in mobile telephones, CD-players, bar-code readers, brake-lights etc.
Electronic components are commonly made of semiconductors, that is something between a conductor and an insulator. Most semiconductor components are made of silicon, but composite semiconductors of the gallium arsenide type are growing in importance. A semiconductor, consisting of several thin layers with differing band gaps is termed a heterostructured semiconductor.
Heterostructures are very important in technology.
The Heterotransistor
The first proposal made for a heterostructure transistor was published in 1957 by Herbert Kroemer.
The integrated circuit - the chip The integrated circuit is more of a technical invention than a discovery in physics.
Jack S. Kilby Robert Noyce
Ten years were to pass from the invention of the transistor before the technology involved had matured sufficiently to allow the various elements to be fabricated in one and of the same basic material, and in one piece. The invention is one in a series of many that have made possible great development in information technology.
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