EDUCATION in Britain

Middle Ages Common people The first schools were parish schools The grammar schools Aristocracy They were taught hunting and manners, rather than reading and writing

17 th century Common people Dame schools Aristocracy Grammar schools The Dissenting Academies Private boarding- schools

18 th century Dame schools continued Charity schools were established The grammar schools The public schools

19 th century schools and teaching were provided for the children of enfranchised groups Schools were organised to run cheaply as possible Monitorial system - teacher teaches the monitors who then pass on their knowledge to the pupils The so-called Ragged Schools (supported by charity and provided education for the very poorest children of the cities.) 1833 Education Act gave the first Government grant to schools.

20 th century Local Education Authorities had to finance secondary schools private secondary schools could get financial help from the government the power of the LEAs increased: schooling was made compulsory up to the age of 14 and this reorganised the government grants to schools 1944-all children should have an equal opportunity to participate in secondary education and it should be suited to their age.

The actions in Parliament Reform Act education was provided to the middle- class Reform Act 1867-respectable working- class children were provided with education Education Act everyone, at least up to the age of 10 had to attend school Education Act free education

British Education System

School education primary education up to age eleven secondary education up to age sixteen

Private education Government does not support these schools financially. People must pay for their education Choice: day and boarding schools, single- sex schools 2,400 schools in Britain

Further education Is for people over sixteen taking courses for entry into higher education. Provides continued general education for people of all ages. Used to study academic subjects and explore recreational activities as well as to develop and upgrade work skills.

Higher education All UK post-school courses above GCE Advanced level or Scottish Higher standard. Courses are available at universities, colleges and institutions of higher education.

Universities There are 88 universities in the UK. A private university (Buckingham). A school which is devoted entirely to distance learning (the Open University). Most famous Universities in Britain are Cambridge and Oxford.

Cambridge University

Facts about Cambridge Students: over 16,500 (over100 nationalities) Staff consists of 7,000 people Divisions: Humanities, Life and Environmental Sciences, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Medical Sciences, Social Sciences Chancellor: The Duke of Edinburgh Members of Cambridge have won over 60 Nobel Prizes

Oxford University

Facts about Oxford Students: over 16, 500 (130nationalities) Academic community includes 426 people Divisions: Humanities, Life and Environmental Sciences, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Medical Sciences, Social Sciences Oxford was named the most innovative University Chancellor: Roy Jenkins

Distance education Learners are separated from the institution Learning takes place outside the education establishment. Students learn where and when it suits them, at their own pace. Studies and private and professional commitments can be combined

Teacher education Schools have responsibility for planning and managing teacher training courses and for the selection, training and assessment of students.