Ukraine

Main information Ukraine is a unitary state composed of 24 oblasts (provinces), one autonomous republic(Crimea), and two cities with special status: Kiev, its capital and largest city, and Sevastopol, which houses the Russian Black Sea Fleet under a leasing agreement. Ukraine is a republic under a semi-presidential system with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine continues to maintain the second-largest military in Europe, after that of Russia. The country is home to 46 million people, 77.8 percent of whom are ethnic Ukrainians, with sizable minorities ofRussians (17%), Belarusians and Romanians. Ukrainian is the official language of Ukraine. Russian is also widely spoken. unitary stateoblastsautonomous republicKiev SevastopolBlack Sea Fleetleasingsemi-presidential systemlegislativeexecutivejudicialdissolution of the Soviet UnionmilitaryUkrainiansRussiansBelarusiansRomanians Ukrainianofficial language

My Ukraine There were three brothers: one of them was Kiy, The name of the other one – Shchek, and the third brother was named Khoryv, and the name of their sister was Lybed. Kiy set on the hill that is named Borychev step now, And Shchek set on the hill that is known as Shchekovitsa And Khoryv set on the third hill, so that was named after him – Khorevitsa. And the city was created in honour of the eldest brother and the name of it - is Kiev. «The Tale of Bygone Years»

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Ukrainian Culture & Traditions Ukrainian culture is richly embedded in ancient traditions. Even today many historical songs such as the dumy and the playing of the kobza – which was popular during the 16th century – is still enjoyed. However music has also come a long way since then and Polissia magic pop and Kolomiya rap tend to be most popular. The culture scene has also seen a resurgence of Cossack songs and song poetry. The Ukrainian people also enjoy their culture in the form of traditional dances and dance games. Many of these originated in rural Cossack villages and some of the oldest dances can be traced back to ancient cults. Traditionally many of these dances were performed only by males or females but today both sexes sometimes mix and enjoy the dance together.

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National cuisine

Kiev

Kiev - The Capital of Ukraine Kiev is a sight seeing with a population of nearly 3 million inhabitants situated on the Dnipro River, is the bustling capital of Ukraine. Ancient Kievan Rus, which reached its greatest period of ascendancy during the 11th and 12th centuries. It was a center of trade routes between the Baltic and the Mediterranean.

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Lion's town Once upon a time, many centuries ago, the King of Volyn and Galicia Danylo traveled around his land, accompanied with his son Prince Lev (Lion). Crossing the Poltva River, he looked around and saw the hill not far away. I will built a town there and the name of it will be Lviv in commemoration of your valor, said the King. The Prince kissed the Kings hand and replied: Oh, father, thank you! I will take a good care of the town named after me! Lviv is one of a few cities of Ukraine called the City of Kings, complex mixture of Hungarian, Austrian and Ukrainian cultures.

Odessa - The pearl at the sea On the Black Sea shore the nature created an amazing spot. In ancient days, its territory was a home for Scythians, Greeks and Slavs. During the Kievan Rus period, it was a part of the Slavic State. In the XIIIth century, a territory of the city of Odessa was conquered by Tatar-Mongols, in early XVth century by Lithuania, and in the midst of the XVth century was attached to Turkey. And, finally, in 1791 Odessa became a part of the Russian Empire… Odessa was founded in 1794 by Catherine the Great. The name of the city came about because of an error. It was meant to be named after the ancient Greek city of Odessos or Ordissos, which was believed to have been founded in the vicinity. Actually, it was somewhere near the present day town of Varna in Bulgaria. However, Catherine the Great liked "Adessa" as the Russians and Ukrainians pronounce it. Modern Odessa is one of the picturesque cities of Ukraine, the Southern Gates of the country.

A Land Rich in Culture, History and Mystery… Crimea is at the cross-roads of various civilizations, the complex mixture of Oriental and Western cultures, which history absorbed the legends and customs of numerous nations who once upon a time had inhabited its territory: Tauris, Huns, Cimmerians, Greeks, Scythians, Sarmatians, Italians, Tatars, Karaimes and Slaves. Zaporozhian Cossaks marchers left a tangible trace in the history of the Peninsula as well. The Crimea is a land of wonderful monuments where one can find pagan sanctuaries and magnificent burial mountains and first Christian churches and ruins of medieval castles, cave towns along with luxurious Imperial palaces, ruins of ancient city-states together with modern resorts – and all of this in harmony with picturesque landscapes and endless seashores. Perfectly located geographically, the Crimea region boasts for its unique subtropical climate.

The Swallowґs Nest is the emblem of the Crimean Peninsular. Like a swallow's nest, there is a 38-metre-high cliff with a castle which stands overlooking the sea. The Swallowґs Nest In the second half of the 18th century the property on Cape Ai-Todor changed its owners very often. Then it was bought by one of the oil industrialist's baron Steingel. He had a dream to build a romantic castle and he gave the design to engineer A. Sherwood. The "Castle of Love" or "Swallowґs Nest" was erected in Its turrets, spires, crenellations and loopholes give an impression of unapproachable grandeur. The castle with its picturesque masses laid out of stone and lined with lime- stone, blends harmoniously with the cliff. Though it looks very fragile it survived a heavy earthquake in 1927.

Sevastopol - in the transfer from the Greek indicates "majestic city", "the city, worth worshipping ". Founders gave this proud name to the city, as if she could predict her future. On the territory of this city more than 1800 historical monuments were found. Legendary Sevastopol Sevastopol - pride of our people. The city on the cliffs – which stood proudly defended by cliffs. City in the sea - it contains the soul of the sea, immortal, proud and courageous. Sun City of the south where the sun has shone for centuries over the dazzling lustre of the military valour." After being in Sevastopol - city of heroes, city of museums - full with special solemnity, you will feel the breath of heroic years, you will be introduced to the names of heroes, who protected her, you will visit many memorable places in history. Sevastopol and its environment are rich inmonuments, which imprinted the events of different eras from remote antiquity to present days. Sevastopol today is a city of special administrative status, a large sea port and naval base of the Ukrainian and Russian Fleets, industrial, scientific and cultural centre of the South of Ukraine.

National preserve "Chersonesus Tavricheskiy" is created for the purpose of retention and effective use of a unique historical cultural complex of the monuments of the ancient city. Burnt and destroyed by nomads at the end XIV C., Chersonesus several centuries lay in the ruins. National preserve "Chersonesus tavricheskiy" Ancient Chersonesus was the last Greek colony emerged on the north coast of the Black Sea: it was founded in 422 BC. Chersonesus existed for 2000 years. Agriculture, construction, pottery- making, bone-carving, and some other crafts flourished there.The town was surrounded by powerful fortification walls, contracted according to design, widespread in the Greek and Roman worlds. For about 170 years the territory has been studied by archaeologists. More than one third of the town has been escalated. Among the archaeological finds are objects of exceptional value. Museum collections amount to more than 200,000 exhibits. Chersonesus is a sacred place for all Orthodox Christians – it was here where the Great Prince Vladimir of Kiev was baptized in 988 A.C.

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