Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Digital Image Processing Introduction.

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Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Digital Image Processing Introduction

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing image – digital image (цифровое изображение) An image is a two-dimensional function f(x,y), where x and y are the spatial (plane) coordinates, and the amplitude of f at any pair of coordinates (x,y) is called the intensity of the image at that level. If x,y and the amplitude values of f are finite and discrete quantities, we call the image a digital image. A digital image is composed of a finite number of elements called pixels, each of which has a particular location and value. Изображение представляет собой двумерную функцию f (x, y), где x и y являются пространственными (плоскими) координатами, а амплитуда f в любой паре координат (x, y) называется интенсивностью изображения при Это уровень. Если x, y и амплитудные значения f являются конечными и дискретными величинами, мы называем изображение цифровым изображением. Цифровое изображение состоит из конечного числа элементов, называемых пикселями, каждый из которых имеет определенное местоположение и значение.

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing First Digital Photograph Первая цифровая фотография

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing f(1,1) = f(2724,2336) = 88 f(645:650,1323:1328) = Pixel intensity value Pixel location In 8-bit representation Pixel intensity values change between 0 (Black) and 255 (White) В 8-битном представлении Значения интенсивности пикселей меняются от 0 (черный) до 255 (белый) rowscolumns Consider the following image (2724x2336 pixels) to be 2D function or a matrix with rows and columns Рассмотрим следующее изображение (2724x2336 пикселей) для функции 2D или в виде матрицы со строками и столбцами

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Remember digitization implies that a digital image is an approximation of a real scene Помните, оцифровка означает, что цифровое изображение является приближением реальной сцены One pixel

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Digital Image Processing Примеры цифровой обработки изображений

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Sources of Digital Images The principal source for the images is the electromagnetic (EM) energy spectrum. Основным источником для изображений является электромагнитный (ЭМ) энергетический спектр.

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Gamma rays

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Gamma-Ray Imaging Cherenkov Telescope Gamma-Ray imaging of A starburst galaxy about 12 million light-years away Gamma-Ray Imaging İn nuclear medicine Gamma rays Гамма излучение

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing X- rays

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing X-ray images from the space The Chandra X-Ray Observatory X- rays

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Ultra-violet

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Ultra-violet

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Visible light Видимый свет

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing R G B Visible light

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Infrared

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Infrared infrared ("thermal") image Snake around the arm Messier 51 in ultraviolet (GALEX), visible (DSS), and near infrared (2MASS). Courtesy of James Fanson.

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Microwaves

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Synthetic Aperture Radar System Microwaves

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Radio Waves

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing MRI image slices from the brain Radio Waves

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Digital Images based on the EM Spectrum Цифровые изображения на основе ЭМ-спектра An example showing Imaging in all of the bands Visible light

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Ultrasound Imaging Ultrasonic spectrum Ultrasonic Baby image during pragnancy Ultrasound image acquisition device

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing The continuum from image processing to computer vision can be broken up into low-, mid- and high-level processes Процедуру от обработки изображений до компьютерного зрения можно разбить на процессы низкого, среднего и высокого уровня Low Level Process Input: Image Output: Image Examples: Noise removal, image sharpening Mid Level Process Input: Image Output: Attributes Examples: Object recognition, segmentation High Level Process Input: Attributes Output: Understanding Examples: Scene understanding, autonomous navigation

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Acquisition of Images The images are generated by the combination of an illumination source and the reflection or absorption of energy from that source by the elements of the scene being imaged. Изображения генерируются комбинацией источника освещения и отражения или поглощения энергии от этого источника. Imaging sensors are used to transform the illumination energy into digital images. Датчики изображения используются для преобразования энергии освещения в цифровые изображения.

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Types of Image Sensors Single Sensor Line Sensor Array Sensor

Gholamreza Anbarjafari, PhD Video Lecturers on Digital Image Processing Summary We have looked at: What is a digital image? What is digital image processing? State of the art examples of digital image processing Image acquisition Мы рассмотрели: Что такое цифровое изображение? Что такое цифровая обработка изображений? Современные примеры обработки цифровых изображений Получение изображения