Uzbekistan Officially also the Republic of Uzbekistan (Uzbek: Ozbekiston Respublikasi), is a doubly landlocked Central Asian state. It is a secular, unitary constitutional republic, comprising 12 provinces, one autonomous republic, and a capital city. Uzbekistan is bordered by five landlocked countries: Kazakhstan to the north; Kyrgyzstan to the northeast; Tajikistan to the southeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.Uzbekdoubly landlockedCentral Asiansecular unitaryconstitutional republicKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTajikistanAfghanistan Turkmenistan The flag of Uzbekistan (Uzbek: Ozbekiston davlat bayrogi) consists of three horizontal blue, white and green bands separated by two thin red fimbriations, with a crescent moon and twelve stars at the canton. Adopted in 1991 to replace the flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR), it has been the flag of the Republic of Uzbekistan since the country gained independence in that same year. The design of the present flag was partly inspired by the former one.Uzbekcrescentcantonflag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist RepublicflagUzbekistan The colors and symbols of the flag carry cultural, political, and regional meanings. The white stands for peace and purity, while blue represents water and the sky. The latter colour also alludes to the flag of Timur, who ruled over present-day Uzbekistan during the 14th century. Green officially epitomizes "nature and fertility" – though it may also represent Islam – while the thin red stripes represents the "life force" within everyone. The crescent at the canton evokes "the rebirth of" Uzbekistan as an "independent" country. Moreover, it symbolizes the Islamic faith practiced by 88% of Uzbekistan's population. To the right of the crescent are twelve stars, which signify the months of the Islamic calendar, as well as the constellations featured in the zodiac. waterskyTimur IslamcrescentIslamic calendarzodiac On December 27, 2010, President Islam Karimov signed an amendment to the law that strengthened the protection of the country's symbols, including its flag and emblem. It banned the utilization of the flag of Uzbekistan for promotional and commercial purposes, including its usage in advertisements and documents. It also forbade any organizations that are not affiliated with the Uzbek government from adopting logos that resemble the national symbols.Islam Karimovemblemthe Uzbek government

Great Britain The flag of Great Britain, commonly known as the Union Jack or Union Flag, is a maritime flag of Great Britain that was used from 1606 to The design was ordered by King James VI and I to be used on ships on the high seas, and it subsequently came into use as a national flag following the Treaty of Union and Acts of Union 1707, gaining the status of "the Ensign armorial of the Kingdom of Great Britain", the newly created state. It was later adopted by land forces, although the blue field used on land-based versions more closely resembled that of the blue of the flag of Scotland.Union JackGreat BritainKing James VI and ITreaty of UnionActs of Union 1707EnsignarmorialKingdom of Great Britain The flag consists of the red cross of Saint George, patron saint of England, superimposed on the Saltire of Saint Andrew, patron saint of Scotland. Its correct proportions are 3:5.red crossSaint Georgepatron saint EnglandSaltireSaint AndrewScotland The flag's official use came to an end in 1801 with the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. At that time Saint Patrick's Flag was added to the flag of Great Britain to create the present-day Union Flag.United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandSaint Patrick's Flag present-day Union Flag Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of 209,331 km 2 (80,823 sq mi), Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island, and the ninth-largest island in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people, making it the world's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, comprise the British Isles archipelago.island Atlantic Oceancontinental EuropeBritish Isleslargest European islandninth-largest island in the worldthird-most populous islandJavaHonshuJapanIreland1,000 smaller surrounding islandsBritish Isles The island is dominated by a maritime climate with quite narrow temperature differences between seasons. Politically, the island is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and constitutes most of its territory. Most of England, Scotland, and Wales are on the island. The term "Great Britain" often extends to include surrounding islands that form part of England, Scotland, and Wales, and is also sometimes loosely applied to the UK as a whole.maritime climateUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEnglandScotland Wales

USA The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows, where rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternate with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the U.S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and The Star-Spangled Banner.national flagUnited Statescantonfive-pointed starsstates of the United States of Americathirteen British coloniesKingdom of Great BritainOld GloryThe Star-Spangled Banner The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km 2 ) and with over 325 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.federal republicstatesfederal districtself-governing territories various possessions third- or fourth-largest country by total areathird-most populousWashington, D.C.largest city by populationNew York CitycontiguousNorth AmericaCanadaMexicostate of AlaskaBering StraitRussiastate of Hawaii archipelagoPacific OceanterritoriesCaribbean Seatime zonesgeography climatewildlifemegadiverse countries

Canada The flag of Canada, often referred to as the Canadian flag, or unofficially as the Maple Leaf, is a national flag consisting of a red field with a white square at its centre in the ratio of 1:2:1, in the middle of which is featured a stylized, red, 11-pointed maple leaf charged in the centre. It is the first specified by law for use as the country's national flag.national flagmaple leaf In 1964, Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson formed a committee to resolve the ongoing issue of the lack of an official Canadian flag, sparking a serious debate about a flag change to replace the Union Flag. Out of three choices, the maple leaf design by George Stanley, based on the flag of the Royal Military College of Canada, was selected. The flag made its first official appearance on February 15, 1965; the date is now celebrated annually as National Flag of Canada Day.Lester B. Pearsondebate about a flag changeUnion FlagGeorge StanleyRoyal Military College of CanadaNational Flag of Canada Day The Canadian Red Ensign was unofficially used since the 1890s and approved by a 1945 Order in Council for use "wherever place or occasion may make it desirable to fly a distinctive Canadian flag". Also, the Royal Union Flag remains an official flag in Canada. There is no law dictating how the national flag is to be treated. There are, however, conventions and protocols to guide how it is to be displayed and its place in the order of precedence of flags, which gives it primacy over the aforementioned and most other flags.Canadian Red EnsignOrder in CouncilRoyal Union Flag Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second- largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.North America ten provinces and three territoriessecond- largest country by total areawith the United StatesRocky MountainsurbanizedOttawalargest metropolitan areasTorontoMontrealVancouver

New Zealand The flag of New Zealand is a defaced Blue Ensign with the Union Flag in the canton, and four red stars with white borders to the right. The stars' pattern represents the asterism within the constellation of Crux, the Southern Cross. [1]defacedBlue EnsignUnion Flagred starsasterismSouthern Cross [1] New Zealand's first flag, the flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand, was adopted in 1834, six years before New Zealand became a British colony following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in Chosen by an assembly of Māori chiefs at Waitangi in 1834, the flag was of a St George's Cross with another cross in the canton containing four stars on a blue field. After the formation of the colony in 1840, British ensigns began to be used. The current flag was designed and adopted for use on Colonial ships in 1869, was quickly adopted as New Zealand's national flag, and given statutory recognition in New Zealand'sUnited Tribes of New ZealandBritish colonyTreaty of WaitangiMāoriSt George's Cross For several decades there has been debate about changing the flag. In 2016, a two-stage binding referendum on a flag change took place with voting on the second final stage closing on 24 March. In this referendum, the country voted to keep the existing flag by 57% to 43%.debate about changing the flagtwo-stage binding referendum New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmassesthe North Island, and the South Island and around 600 smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres (900 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal and plant life. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland.island countryPacific OceanNorth IslandSouth Islandsmaller islandsAustraliaTasman SeaPacific island areasNew CaledoniaFijiTongabiodiversitySouthern Alps tectonic upliftcapital cityWellingtonAuckland

Australia The flag of Australia is a defaced Blue Ensign: a blue field with the Union Jack in the canton (upper hoist quarter), and a large white seven-pointed star known as the Commonwealth Star in the lower hoist quarter. The fly contains a representation of the Southern Cross constellation, made up of five white stars – one small five- pointed star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars. There are other official flags representing Australia, its people and core functions of government.defacedBlue Ensign Union JackcantonCommonwealth StarflySouthern Crossother official flagsAustralia The flag's original design (with a six-pointed Commonwealth Star) was chosen in 1901 from entries in a competition held following Federation, and was first flown in Melbourne on 3 September 1901,the date proclaimed as Australian National Flag Day. A slightly different design was approved by King Edward VII in The seven-pointed commonwealth star version was introduced by a proclamation dated 23 February 1908.The dimensions were formally gazetted in 1934,and in 1954 the flag became recognised by, and legally defined in, the Flags Act 1953, as the "Australian National Flag". FederationMelbourneAustralian National Flag DayKing Edward VIIFlags Act 1953 Australia officially the Commonwealth of Australia,is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the largest country in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.Australian continentTasmaniasmaller islandsOceaniasixth-largest country by total areaPapua New GuineaIndonesiaEast TimorSolomon IslandsVanuatuNew ZealandCanberraurban areaSydney

Russia The flag of Russia (Russian: Флаг России) is a tricolor flag consisting of three equal horizontal fields: white on the top, blue in the middle and red on the bottom. The flag was first used as an ensign for Russian merchant ships and became official as the flag of the Tsardom of Russia in It remained in use until the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic in During the Soviet Union's existence, it used the flag with the red field with the golden hammer and sickle and the golden bordered red star on top. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the pre-revolutionary tricolor was re-introduced as the flag of the Russian Federation in 1991 in the 1:2 ratio. The Tsarist tricolor was fully restored in 1993 after the constitutional crisis as the current flag.Russiantricolorflagwhitebluered Tsardom of RussiaRussian Socialist Federative Soviet RepublicSoviet Unionflag red fieldhammer and sicklered stardissolution of the Soviet Union Russian Federationconstitutional crisis Russia, also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a sovereign country in Eurasia. At 17,125,200 square kilometres (6,612,100 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people at the end of March 2016.The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern; about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa, and Kazan.Eurasialargest country in the worldninth most populousurbanisedEuropean RussiaMoscowlargest cities in the worldurban centersSaint PetersburgNovosibirskYekaterinburgChelyabinsk Nizhny NovgorodUfaKazan Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait.Northern AsiaEastern Europeeleven time zonesenvironmentsshares land bordersNorwayFinlandEstonia LatviaLithuaniaPolandKaliningrad OblastBelarus UkraineGeorgiaAzerbaijanKazakhstanChinaMongolia North Koreamaritime bordersJapanSea of OkhotskU.S.AlaskaBering Strait

Germany The flag of Germany or German Flag is a tricolour consisting of three equal horizontal bands displaying the national colours of Germany: black, red, and gold (German: Schwarz-Rot-Gold). The flag was first adopted as the national flag of modern Germany in 1919, during the short-lived Weimar Republic to 1933.tricolournational colours GermanyblackredgoldGermanSchwarz-Rot-Goldnational flagGermanyWeimar Republic Germany has two competing traditions of national colours, black- red-gold and black-white-red, which have played an important role in the modern history of Germany. The black-red-gold tricolour's first appearance anywhere in a German-ethnicity sovereign state within what today comprises Germany occurred in 1778, and achieved prominence during the 1848 Revolutions. The short-lived Frankfurt Parliament of 1848–1850 proposed the tricolour as a flag for a united and democratic German state under a constitutional monarchy. With the formation of the short-lived Weimar Republic after World War I, the tricolour was adopted as the national flag of Germany. Sixteen years later following World War II, the tricolour was again designated as the flag of both West and East Germany divided states in The two flags were identical until 1959, when the East German flag was augmented with the coat of arms of East Germany. Since reunification on 3 October 1990, the black-red-gold tricolour has become the flag of a reunified Federal Republic of Germany.sovereign stateoccurred in Revolutions Frankfurt Parliamentflagdemocraticconstitutional monarchyWeimar RepublicWorld War IWorld War IIWestEast Germanycoat of arms of East Germanyreunification Germany officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, listen (help·info)), is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of 357,021 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi), and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin, while its largest conurbation is the Ruhr, with its main centres of Dortmund and Essen. The country's other major cities are Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Düsseldorf, Leipzig, Bremen, Dresden, Hannover and Nuremberg.listenhelpinfofederal parliamentary republiccentralwestern Europe constituent states member state of the European UnionUnited Statesimmigration destinationcapitallargestBerlinRuhrDortmund EssenHamburgMunich CologneFrankfurtStuttgartDüsseldorfLeipzigBremenDresden HannoverNuremberg