Slide source: P. W. Lackenbauer, Assoc. Professor and Chair, History, St. Jeromes University, March 2013

Asia-Pacific Gateway and Corridor Initiative

Arctic Council Priority #1: Responsible Arctic Resource Development To establish a Circumpolar Business Forum to foster circumpolar economic development To ensure that Arctic development takes place responsibly To take action to prevent oil pollution

Arctic Council Priority #2: Safe Arctic Shipping To establish guidelines for sustainable tourism and cruise-ship operations that will bring benefits to local communities To encourage the IMOs efforts to develop a mandatory polar code for the Arctic Ocean

Arctic Council Priority #3: Sustainable Circumpolar Communities To increase awareness of the importance of traditional ways of life for Northern communities To develop recommendations for including traditional and local knowledge into the Councils work To address short-lived climate pollutants To promote mental wellness that will help Arctic residents adapt to the many changes affecting the Arctic To pursue cooperation among Arctic and non-Arctic states to support the conservation of migratory birds

Canadian Federal Departments and Agencies involved in the Arctic Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada (AANDC), Transport Canada (TC) Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Environment Canada (EC) Canadian Forces Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency (CanNor) Canadian Polar Commission

Arctic Shipping Routes

Optimal September navigation routes for hypothetical ships seeking to cross the Arctic Ocean. Red lines - fastest available trans-Arctic routes for PC6 ships; blue lines - fastest available transits for common OW ships. Smith & Stephenson, 2012

The Northern Sea Route (NSR)

Arctic Boundaries Claims

Monthly December ice extent for 1979 to 2012 shows a decline of 3-5% per decade

The Chinese Yong Sheng: first commercial vessel to use the NSR

LNG Shipping Scenarios

Arctic Ice Age

Global Shipping Traffic Source: study by Ben Halpern, 2008

Icebreakers of the World (Source: USCG)

The Big Melt

Institutional Presence (Source: Hart et al, Brookings Institute)

Russian Innovative Icebreakers

Chinas Snow Dragon

Recent U.S. Arctic Studies Managing for the Future in a Rapidly Changing Arctic (Dept of the Interiors Report to the President March 2013) National Ocean Policy (Executive Order Stewardship of the Ocean, Coasts, and the Great Lakes) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations (NOAA) Arctic Vision and Strategy National Policy (NSPD-66 and HSPD-25) U.S. Arctic Marine Transportation System (CMTS report) President Obamas National Strategy for the Arctic Region (May 2013) U.S. Coast Guard Arctic Strategy Alaska Northern Waters Task Force and the Alaska Arctic Policy Commission

U.S. Federal Departments and Agencies involved in the Arctic Arctic Research Commission Army Corps of Engineers, Dept. of Defense Bureau of Land Management, Dept. of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Dept. of the Interior Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, Dept. of the Interior Coast Guard, Dept. of Homeland Security Department of Agriculture Department of State Environmental Protection Agency Federal Aviation Administration, Dept. of Transportation Fish and Wildlife Service, Dept. of the Interior Marine Mammal Commission Maritime Administration, Dept. of Transportation National Ocean Council, Executive Office of the President National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Dept. of Commerce National Park Service, Dept. of the Interior Navy, Dept. of Defense Office of Science and Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President Office of the Federal Coordinator for Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects Office of the Secretary, Dept. of the Interior Office of the Secretary, Dept. of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration U.S. Geological Survey, Dept. of the Interior

Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC)

BEAC and Arctic Transport Steering Committee for the Barents Euro-Arctic Transport Area (BEATA) Regional Working Group on Transport and Logistics Joint Barents Transport Plan Transport Ministerial meeting in Narvik, Norway in September, 2013 Barents Business Advisory Group

Gas Reserves of Northern Yamal

Yamal LNG Port Sabetta (under construction)

The New North by Laurence Smith, UCLA Professor Climate change, rising population, globalization and resource depletion: 4 locomotives that are changing the world. By 2050 these locomotives will have the world shift its political and economic axes to the far north. Canada, Scandinavia, Greenland etc. will be the beneficiaries of the great shift. The New North implies stable water supplies, warmer winters, rising food stocks, new shipping access, abundant cheap land, stable governance and legal systems, new oil discoveries, the end of indigenous land-claims, rising global markets for energy and raw materials.

Some Recent Intl Arctic Studies International Maritime Organization (Strategic Plan, ) The New Foreign Policy Frontier: US Interests and Actors in the Arctic, CSIS Report International Chamber of Shipping s Report on Arctic Shipping