Works of Plato and Aristotle and their views on state management

The School of Athens, a fresco by Raphael

Plato (428/427 or 424/423– 348/347 BC) the philosopher in Classical Greeсe the founder of the first Academy in Athens Influences: Socrates, Parmenides, Pythagora, Heraclitus The significant works: The Statesman; The Republic; The Laws

The concept of an ideal state Topics The dialectical forms of government Monarchy Aristocracy The virtue of the ideal state: 1.Prudence 2.Wisdom 3.Justice 4.Courage The essence of the state 1.upper class 2.Army 3.craftsmen, dealers, farmers 1.head of state 2.security of the state 3.to ensure the supply of the state required The ideal state 1.Aristocratism 2.Communism 3.anti-democratic

The dialectical forms of government ARISTOCRACYARISTOCRACY MONARCHYMONARCHY OLIGARCHYOLIGARCHY DEMOCRACyDEMOCRACy TYRANNYTYRANNY

The power of the state is the power of its laws. The law must express the interests of the majority of citizens. People must be obeyed by the law.

The Republic Quotes The heaviest penalty for declining to rule is to be ruled by someone inferior to yourself. I am the wisest man alive, for I know one thing, and that is that I know nothing.

Aristotle (384–322 BC) the philosopher and scientist in Classical Greeсe joined Plato's Academy in Athens at 17 years The tutor of Alexander the Great (343 BC) Started his own school in Athens, called the Lyceum (335 BC)

The concept of an ideal state Topics CategoriesComments The dialectical forms of government The best: 1.Aristocracy 2.Monarchy 3.Politeia The «worst»: 1.Tyranny 2.Democracy 3.Oligarchy The virtues for the ideal state: 1.Courage 2.Prudence 3.Justice The essence of the state 1.Farmers 2.Craftsmen 3.The trading class 4.The salaried workers 5.The military estate

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