Modern IT trends in the professional sphere Prepared by:Turdieva Alida Group:1-003 Received :Habdolda B.

Information and communications technology Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is an extended term for information technology which stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications,computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio- visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information. The term ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of audio-visual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system

There are large economic incentives (huge cost savings due to elimination of the telephone network) to merge the telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management. However, ICT has no universal definition, as "the concepts, methods and applications involved in ICT are constantly evolving on an almost daily basis The broadness of ICT covers any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive information electronically in a digital form, e.g. personal computers, digital television, , robots

Etymology The phrase "information and computer technology" has been used by academic researchers since the 1980s,and the abbreviation ICT became popular after it was used in a report to the UK government by Dennis Stevenson in 1997,and in the revised National Curriculum for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in But in 2012, the Royal Society recommended that ICT should no longer be used in British schools "as it has attracted too many negative connotations",and with effect from 2014 the National Curriculum uses the word computing, which reflects the addition of computer programming into the curriculum.

Monetization The money spent on IT worldwide has been most recently estimated as US $3.5 trillion and is currently growing at 5% per year, doubling every 15 years. The 2014 IT budget of US federal government is nearly $82 billion. IT costs, as a percentage of corporate revenue, have grown 50% since 2002, putting a strain on IT budgets. When looking at current companies' IT budgets, 75% are recurrent costs, used to "keep the lights on" in the IT department, and 25% are cost of new initiatives for technology development.

The average IT budget has the following breakdown: 31% personnel costs (internal) 29% software costs (external/purchasing category) 26% hardware costs (external/purchasing category) 14% costs of external service providers (external/services).

Technological capacity The world's technological capacity to store information grew from 2.6 (optimally compressed) bytes in 1986 to 15.8 in 1993, over 54.5 in 2000, and to 295 (optimally compressed) bytes in 2007, and some 5 bytes in This is the informational equivalent to 1.25 stacks of CD-ROM from the earth to the moon in 2007, and the equivalent of 4,500 stacks of printed books from the earth to the sun in The world's technological capacity to receive information through one-way broadcast networks was 432 bytes of information in 1986, 715 bytes in 1993, 1.2 bytes in 2000, and 1.9 bytes in 2007.

ICT sector in the OECD The following is a list of OECD countries by share of ICT sector in total value added in country ICT sector in South Korea Japan 7.02 Irealand %

ICT Development Index The ICT Development Index ranks and compares the level of ICT use and access across the various countries around the world In 2014 ITU (International Telecommunications Union) released the latest rankings of the IDI, with Denmark attaining the top spot, followed by South Korea. The top 30 countries in the rankings include most highincome countries where quality of life is higher than average, which includes countries from Europe and other regions such as "Australia, Bahrain, Canada, Japan, Macao (China), New Zealand, Singapore and the United States; almost all countries surveyed improved their IDI ranking this year.

Today In modern society ICT is ever-present, with over three billion people having access to the Internet. With approximately 8 out of 10 Internet users owning a smartphone, information and data are increasing by leaps and bounds. This rapid growth, especially in developing countries, has led ICT to become a keystone of everyday life, in which life without some facet of technology renders most of clerical, work and routine tasks dysfunctional. The most recent authoritative data, released in 2014, shows "that Internet use continues to grow steadily, at 6.6% globally in 2014 (3.3% in developed countries, 8.7% in the developing world); the number of Internet users in developing countries has doubled in five years ( ), with two thirds of all people online now living in the developing world."

Thank you