Contractions Vs. Possessive Pronouns: Three Troublesome Pairs

Have you ever struggled with choices like these when you write sentences? ? The puppy chased ( its or its ) tail. ? ( Youre or Your ) my closest friend. ? ( Whos or Whose ) bike is in the garage?

Well, you are not alone. Many people confuse these pairs of words all the time: its and its youre and your whos and whose

The most obvious difference between the words in each pair is the apostrophe ( ) mark: Its, youre, and whos all contain an apostrophe. These 3 words are contractions. Its, your, and whose do NOT contain an apostrophe. These 3 words are possessive pronouns.

Contractions join two words into one. In the process, one or more letters are left out, and an apostrophe replaces these letters. Two Words It is or It has You are Who is or Who has Contraction Its apostrophe replaces the i in is or the ha in has Its time to begin. (It is) Its been a long day. (It has) Youre apostrophe replaces the a in are Youre bothering me. (You are) Whos apostrophe replaces the i in is or the ha in has Whos ready to begin? (Who is) Whos seen my keys? (Who has)

Possessive pronouns are pronouns that show ownership or possession. They DO NOT need an apostrophe to show ownership, unlike nouns, which DO need an apostrophe to show ownership: Possessive Pronoun---His car (pronoun with no s) Possessive Noun---Bobs car (noun with an s)

Possessive Pronoun Itsno apostrophe The kitten could not find its squeak toy. Your ---no apostrophe I like your taste in clothes. Whose ---no apostrophe We dont know whose car is parked in the fire lane. Meaning Belonging to it Belonging to you Belonging to whom

There is an easy substitution test you can use in order to choose the correct word in the following troublesome pairs.

The puppy chased ( its or its ) tail. Substitute it is or it has. If the sentence makes sense, then use the contraction, its. If it doesnt make sense, then use the possessive pronoun, its. The puppy chased it is tail. The puppy chased it has tail. Sentence makes no sense, so use its. The puppy chased its tail.

( Youre or Your ) my closest friend. Substitute You are. If the sentence makes sense, then use the contraction, Youre. If it doesnt make sense, then use the possessive pronoun, Your. You are my closest friend. Sentence makes sense, so use Youre. Youre my closest friend.

( Whos or Whose ) bike is in the garage? Substitute Who is or Who has. If the sentence makes sense, then use the contraction, Whos. If it doesnt make sense, then use the possessive pronoun, Whose. Who is bike is in the garage? Who has bike is in the garage? Sentence makes no sense, so use Whose. Whose bike is in the garage?

Remember to use this substitution rule, and youll ALWAYS make the right choice!