Tamara I.Leontieva Lectures on Translation Theory Department of Cross-cultural Communication and Translation Study Foreign Languages Center Vladivostok.

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Tamara I.Leontieva Lectures on Translation Theory Department of Cross-cultural Communication and Translation Study Foreign Languages Center Vladivostok State University of Economics 2008

STYLISTIC COMPENSATION AS A MEANS OF ADEQUATE TRANSLATION

Try and answer the questions: 1) Is adequacy in style attainable or unattainable? 2) How can the translator compensate for the losses which take place between the original and its version in another language? 3) What style, in your opinion, is most difficult for compensating: literary or colloquial?

Analyse the compensations applied Дозвольте, барин дорогой, слово сказать. Вы не то глядите, что я как говорится, пьян, глядите, о чем я плачу и убиваюсь. Слова нет. Может я действительно не в своем виде, ну я весь перед вами как на ладони, ваша воля казнить, ваша миловать, и при том не в буйном хмелю. Allow me, my master, sir, to say my piece. Dont you pay no attention to the fact that Im drunk, just to the cause of my tears and torment. Im lost for words. Praps Ive really ad one over the eight, but ere I stand, naked before you. Yer free to condemn or pardon me, yet Im not making a drunken uproar about it.

Check yourselves! (1) by h-dropping, (2) by contracting ought to into oughter, (3) by using double negation, (4) by making the character say aint for isnt, (5) by illiterate contraction of Youre [Yer].

Analyse the compensation applied Матушка барыня, Анна Гувертовна, детки дорогие, надоть глядеть, откедова у человека слезы, верно я говорю? Какой, может, о душе, а какой об закащицком кредите, это надоть понимать (Б.Пастернак). Anna Hubertovna, dearest mistress and you dear children. You oughter see where a man draws his tears from, aint that true? You might get one man weeping about his soul, another about his credit orders, praps you have to see that (Anning).

Compare the two translations offered А что за охота сохнуть-то! Хоть умирай с тоски, пожалеют, что ль, тебя! Как же, дожидайся. Так какая ж неволя себя мучить-то? (A.N.Ostrovsky) If you go on like this, you will die soon. And do you think anyone will shed tears over you? Whats the use of tormenting yourself? Fancy wanting to wither and shrivel up! Go on, pine away and die - do you think theyll be sorry for you? Come then, lets see what happens. Why have you got to torment yourself?

Phraseological compensation And of course, plenty is at hand if we care, or are permitted to distribute it. Благосостояние, можно сказать, сту- чится к нам в дверь, надо только, чтобы мы захотели - или получили возмож- ность - правильно распределить существующие блага.

Observe compensations here Lunatics, of course. Fools. But compensated for in this best of all possible worlds by individuals who know enough to seize on the devices of the same – the savings of labor of every struggling mortal – and keep them packed in banks, rent them out for exorbitant interest, and so become truly great. And of course, remain great (Th.Dreiser). Конечно это сумасшедшие. Идиоты. Но не беспокой- тесь, в этом наилучшем из миров найдутся люди, которые во всяком случае знают, как присвоить себе их изобретения, а также сбережения или труд всего остального страждущего человечества … и достичь настоящего величия. А главное, не только достичь, но и сохранить его во веки веков.

Compensation or substitution James: «Give me the check-book... whats this ninety? Walter: But look here, father, its nine I drew a cheque (J.Galsworthy. Justice). Джеймс: «Дай мне чековую книжку… Что это за восемьдесят фунтов?» Уолтер: «Но послушай, отец, я выписал чек на восемь фунтов!» (Дж.Голсуорси. Правосудие).

Compensation of Metaphors 1) «Sea of faces» - «море лиц» 2) mine of possiblities/information - море возможностей/информации 3) While the present century was in its teens, on the sunshine morning… she drove up to Miss Pinkertons academy a large family coach. В одно ясное утро начала нынеш- него столетия к пансиону мисс Пинкер- тон подкатила большая семейная карета.

Compensation of Puns A pun is a play on words: Он нес вздор, но нес его в журналы(Эмиль Кроткий.Отрывки из ненаписанного). 1)- Im late. - Not you, sir. She is! (The Queen) 2) - Im sacked. - He is not sacked, he is sick! (Он не уволен, он болен)

An excellent case of stylistic compensation - I dont know where them slippers are! - Those slippers! - Mr.Higgins is shouting angrily. - Не видела я ваших туфлей! - Ваших туфель! - вскричал мистер Хиггинс раздраженно.

Total compensation Dont mention. Не стоит благодарности. Now, then! Ну-ка скорей! Well, I never! Подумать только!

Stylistic compensation of proverbs and sayings With the same image: A leopard cannot change its spots. Леопард не может сменить своих пятен. Neutral style. With a different image: Горбатого могила исправит. The style is somewhat lower. With a new image and a negative connotation: Черного кобеля не отмоешь добела.

LITERATURE 1. Рецкер Я.И.Теория перевода и переводческая практика. - М.: Р.Валент, С Медникова Э.Я. Translation As an Aspect of Foreign Language Studies. - M.: Moscow Un-ty Press, Pp Клишин А.И. Практика перевода английских текстов. - СПб.: АНДРА, С