THE ROAD TO SPACE Earth is the cradle of humanity but one cannot live in the cradle forever Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. - презентация

1 THE ROAD TO SPACE Earth is the cradle of humanity but one cannot live in the cradle forever Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

2 THE FATHER OF COSMONAUTICS The Russian scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky is considered to be the Father of cosmonautics and human space flight. His visionary ideas about the future of humanity in space were magnificent and far ahead of his time. The Russian scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky is considered to be the Father of cosmonautics and human space flight. His visionary ideas about the future of humanity in space were magnificent and far ahead of his time.

3 VISIONARY IDEAS He mathematically proved the possibility of space flight, wrote and published over 500 works about space travel and relative subjects. He mathematically proved the possibility of space flight, wrote and published over 500 works about space travel and relative subjects.

4 VISIONARY IDEAS He predicted many aspects of space travel describing the details of pressurised space suits, orbital space stations, the use of solar power, life in low gravity environments and the need for multistage rockets to achieve escape velocity. He predicted many aspects of space travel describing the details of pressurised space suits, orbital space stations, the use of solar power, life in low gravity environments and the need for multistage rockets to achieve escape velocity. He predicted the use of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen for rocket fuel. He predicted the use of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen for rocket fuel.

5 SEPTEMBER 5, 1857 K.E.Tsiolkvsky was born on September 5, 1857 in the village of Izhevskoye, Ryazan Guberniya.His father, Eduard Ignatyevich, was a forester and his mother, Mariya Ivanovna, was a housewife. K.E.Tsiolkvsky was born on September 5, 1857 in the village of Izhevskoye, Ryazan Guberniya.His father, Eduard Ignatyevich, was a forester and his mother, Mariya Ivanovna, was a housewife.

6 PARENTS Eduard Ignatyevich always encouraged his children to do any physical work as well as any initiative. They always did almost everything themselves. Eduard Ignatyevich always encouraged his children to do any physical work as well as any initiative. They always did almost everything themselves.

7 PARENTS Mariya Ivanovna was a very talented woman. It was she, who presented Konstantin a small balloon with hydrogen inside and it became his favourite toy. Mariya Ivanovna was a very talented woman. It was she, who presented Konstantin a small balloon with hydrogen inside and it became his favourite toy.

8 SELFEDUCATION His family was not rich but it was very large. Konstantin had 17 brothers and sisters. At the age of 10 he lost his hearing as the result of scarlet fever. After that he couldnt go to school and he educated himself at home. His books were his teachers and he read each book in fathers library.

9 BEING BETTER THAN OTHERS! Tsiolkovsky later remembered that his hearing loss greatly influence his future. All his life he tried to prove to himself and to others that he was better and more clever than others, even with his disability. Tsiolkovsky later remembered that his hearing loss greatly influence his future. All his life he tried to prove to himself and to others that he was better and more clever than others, even with his disability.

10 GOING TO MOSCOW At the age of 16 he went to Moscow and lived there from 1873 to In Pashkov House Library he met the brilliant Russian philosopher, Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov. Fedorov gave Tsiolkovsky a place to work in the library and became his tutor. He tutored the young Tsiolkovsky in the library daily for about three years, introducing him to books on mathematics and science.

11 DREAMS ABOUT SPACE At the age of 17, while living in Moscow, he first dreamed about space flights. The novels of Jules Verne inspired him. But Konstantin thought not only about going into space but also about living in space. He thought about the Earth as one of many planets in the Universe, but the most beautiful and the dearest one.

12 LIFE IN MOSCOW His life in Moscow at that time was very difficult. His parents could send him only 10 or 15 roubles every month. He spent only 90 kopecks a month buying bread once for three days. The rest money was used for books, laboratory equipment and chemicals. He really lived having only bread and water.

13 GOING BACK TO HIS FAMILY The family needed him because Eduard Ignatyevich couldnt work any more. Konstantin had to give up his studying and go back home. After passing his exams in 1879 he received his Teachers Certificate and went to work as a math teacher, first in Borovsk, then in Kaluga. The family needed him because Eduard Ignatyevich couldnt work any more. Konstantin had to give up his studying and go back home. After passing his exams in 1879 he received his Teachers Certificate and went to work as a math teacher, first in Borovsk, then in Kaluga.

14 SCIENTIST AND CRAFTSMAN At that time he began his scientific research in aerodynamics. He had a head of a scientist and hands of a skilled craftsman. In 1897 he managed to build the first aerodynamic tube in Russia. At that time he began his scientific research in aerodynamics. He had a head of a scientist and hands of a skilled craftsman. In 1897 he managed to build the first aerodynamic tube in Russia.

15 SCIENTIST AND CRAFTSMAN He tested a lot of models in that tube and found out important laws of aerodynamics. In 1898 he derived the basic formular that determined how rockets perform – the rocket equation which is known to students as the Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation

16 TSIOLKOVSKY ROCKET EQUATION V = c In ( Wi / Wf ) It is expressed in such way V = c In (Wi / Wf) in which V – is the final velocity, c – is the exhaust velocity of propellant particles expelled through the nozzle. Wi – is the initial weight of the rocket and Wf – is the final, or burnt-out, weight f the rocket. It is expressed in such way V = c In (Wi / Wf) in which V – is the final velocity, c – is the exhaust velocity of propellant particles expelled through the nozzle. Wi – is the initial weight of the rocket and Wf – is the final, or burnt-out, weight f the rocket.

17 TSIOLKOVSKY ROCKET EQUATION According to this formula, the final velocity is directly proportional to the exhaust velocity and the natural logarithm of the ratio of the initial weight of the rocket to the burnt-out of it. According to this formula, the final velocity is directly proportional to the exhaust velocity and the natural logarithm of the ratio of the initial weight of the rocket to the burnt-out of it.

18 TSIOLKOVSKY ROCKET EQUATION V = c In (Wi / Wf) V = c In (Wi / Wf) So, you see, this equation proved that the velocity of a rocket in space depends on the velocity of its exhaust and the ratio of the weight of the rocket at lift-off and at burnt-out. So, you see, this equation proved that the velocity of a rocket in space depends on the velocity of its exhaust and the ratio of the weight of the rocket at lift-off and at burnt-out.

19 INVESTIGATING SPACE WITH DEVICES It was the first theoretical proof of the possibility of spaceflight. It appeared together with many other of Tsiolkovskys seminal ideas on space flight in the article called Investigating Space With Devices in the Russian journal Science Review. It was the first theoretical proof of the possibility of spaceflight. It appeared together with many other of Tsiolkovskys seminal ideas on space flight in the article called Investigating Space With Devices in the Russian journal Science Review.

20 INVESTIGATING SPACE WITH DEVICES In this article Tsiolkovsky accurately described the state of weightlessness and the theoretical function of rockets in vacuum, demonstrated why rockets would be needed for space exploration and also advocated the use of liquid rocket fuel that is used today In this article Tsiolkovsky accurately described the state of weightlessness and the theoretical function of rockets in vacuum, demonstrated why rockets would be needed for space exploration and also advocated the use of liquid rocket fuel that is used today

21 ROCKET SPACE TRAINS Tsiolkovskys publication entitled Rocket Space Trains (in 1929) was about his original idea of a multi-stage rocket, which consisted of several separate rockets, one by one on top of another. In the article Tsiolkovsky proved that only this type of rocket would be able to reach escape velocity and fly to the Earths orbit.

22 IN KALUGA In Kaluga he lived in the house, which is now a part of the museum complex, from 1904 until his death in In 1921 Tsiolkovsky received a lifetime pension that allowed him t retire from teaching and devoted all time to developing his space flight theories.

23 THE ORDER OF THE RED BANNER OF LABOUR In 1932 Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. Taking this order he said, I can thank the Government for this award only with my labour. To thank with help of words is useless. In 1932 Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. Taking this order he said, I can thank the Government for this award only with my labour. To thank with help of words is useless.

24 THE TEACHER OF YOUNGER GENERATION Though he never created any rockets himself, he influenced many young Soviet engineers and designers. Tsiolkovsky lived to see a younger generation of Soviet engineers and scientists begin to make his visionary concepts reality.

25 SIXTEEN PHASES OF SPACE EXPLORATION In 1926 Tsiolkovsky, in his work entitled Plan of Space Exploration predicted the manned colonization of the Universe in 16 phases. In 1926 Tsiolkovsky, in his work entitled Plan of Space Exploration predicted the manned colonization of the Universe in 16 phases.

26 PHASE NUMBER 1 Designing rocket-propelled airplanes with wings. Designing rocket-propelled airplanes with wings.

27 PHASE NUMBER 2 Progressively increasing the speeds and altitudes reached with these airplanes. Progressively increasing the speeds and altitudes reached with these airplanes.

28 PHASE NUMBER 3 Designing a pure rocket without wings. Designing a pure rocket without wings.

29 PHASE NUMBER 4 Developing the ability to land on the ocean surface by rocket. Developing the ability to land on the ocean surface by rocket.

30 PHASE NUMBER 5 Reaching escape velocity and first flight into space. Reaching escape velocity and first flight into space.

31 PHASE NUMBER 6 Lengthening the rocket flight time into space. Lengthening the rocket flight time into space.

32 PHASE NUMBER 7 Experimental use of plants to make an artificial atmosphere in spaceship. Experimental use of plants to make an artificial atmosphere in spaceship.

33 PHASE NUMBER 8 Using pressurized space suits for activity outside spaceship. Using pressurized space suits for activity outside spaceship.

34 PHASE NUMBER 9 Making orbital greenhouses for plants. Making orbital greenhouses for plants.

35 PHASE NUMBER 10 Building large orbital habitats around the Earth. Building large orbital habitats around the Earth.

36 PHASE NUMBER 11 Using solar radiation to grow food, to heat space quarters and for transport needs throughout the solar system. Using solar radiation to grow food, to heat space quarters and for transport needs throughout the solar system.

37 PHASE NUMBER 12 Colonization of the asteroid belt. Colonization of the asteroid belt.

38 PHASE NUMBER 13 Colonization of the entire solar system and beyond. Colonization of the entire solar system and beyond.

39 PHASE NUMBER 14 Achievement of individual and social perfection. Achievement of individual and social perfection.

40 PHASE NUMBER 15 Overcrowding of the solar system and galaxy colonization. Overcrowding of the solar system and galaxy colonization.

41 PHASE NUMBER 16 The sun begins to die and the people remaining in the solar systems population move to other solar systems. The sun begins to die and the people remaining in the solar systems population move to other solar systems.