A brief overview: Fire, Sanitary, Labor Permits in Ukraine and the system in EU and EU Accession Countries Sanda Putnina for IFC PEP April 28, 2003. - презентация

1 A brief overview: Fire, Sanitary, Labor Permits in Ukraine and the system in EU and EU Accession Countries Sanda Putnina for IFC PEP April 28, 2003

2 Overview Outline of product safety regulation and conformity assessment system in EU Comparison of permits issued by the Ukrainian Labor Protection Department, Fire Department, Sanitary Epidemiological Service and their equivalents in EU accession countries –Based on preliminary analysis conducted by IFC team in Ukraine

3 General product safety regulation in EU Basic uniform approaches and requirements established by EU norms –EU regulations – directly applicable –EU directives – transposed in national legislation –based on economic self-regulation concept As a general rule no permits required for trade of most goods BUT conformity to certain standards is required –only conforming products can be distributed

4 General product safety regulation in EU Overall standards/requirements established in laws (i.e. product should be safe) Technical standards are elaborated by PRIVATE STANDARDIZATION ORGANIZATIONS BUT public institutions do not assess conformity of goods to technical standards – it is done by PRIVATE CERTIFICATION INSTITUTIONS

5 General product safety regulation in EU Sector specific rules govern how a producer proves conformity of his/her products to safety regulations There are two ways to CE-marking: –SELF-ASSESSMENT on the basis of internally conducted control –for certain higher risk products - certification of a product or production processes by an AUTHORIZED CERTIFICATION BODY

6 Sanitary Epidemiological Service Permits Type of permit in Ukraine as defined in sectoral lawPurpose as defined in sectoral law Existence of equivalent permit in EU countries Согласование с государственной санитарно- эпидемиологической службой обязательно при: Предприятия, учреждения, организации, и граждане […] должны соблюдать требования санитарного законодательст ва –предоставлении земельных участков под строительство NO (zoning laws) –утверждении проектной и нормативно-технической документации на строительство, реконструкцию; NO (laws outline the technical specs.) –введение в эксплуатацию новых и реконструированных объектов производственного, социально-культурного назначения; NO (under food permit) разработке, изготовлении и использовании новых машин, механизмов, оборудования, иных средств производства; новых технологий. NO (general product safety system) Обязательная сертификация продовольственного сырья, пищевых продуктов, а также материалов, оборудования и изделий, которые используются при их изготовлении, хранении, транспортировке и реализации. […] должно соответствоват ь требованиям санитарных норм. NO certification for food products; general product safety system for materials and equipment

7 EU Food law It is regarded simply unfeasible to require permits for all food products although the threat and danger considerations would imply this Under EU food law: –Notification of location of business involved in food chain to the Food service (registration card issued within 10 days) –Preventive permits only for the most critical points in food chain issued within 30 days if all the hygiene conditions are met hygiene norms apply to premises, employee training, HACCP assessment documentation and self-monitoring system –+ inspection and monitoring to ensure adherence to the overall requirements

8 Fire Department permits Виды разрешений в Украине (как указано отраслевыми законами) Цель введения Эквивалент в странах ЕС Обязательная предварительная экспертиза (проверка) проектной и иной документации Предприятия, учреждения, организации, и граждане […] должны требованиям актов по пожарной безопасности НЕТ Разрешения на начало работы предприятий и на аренду любых помещений НЕТ Сертификат о безопасности использования: машин, механизмов НЕТ Государственный сертификат качества на все виды пожарной техники, противопожарного оборудования НЕТ Специальное разрешение (лицензия) на производство пожарной техники, противопожарного оборудования Согласование требований пожарной безопасности стандартов, технических условий Согласование проектных решений, на которые не установлены нормы и правила […] должны соответствоват ь требованиям актов по пожарной безопасности

9 Fire permits In UK fire certificates are required for: –larger hotels and boarding houses –those factories, offices, shops and railway premises in which more than 20 people are employed to work –for factory premises where explosive or highly flammable materials are stored or used –unlimited validity unless changes are performed In Singapore fire certificate is required for: –a public building with an approved occupant load of more than 200 persons –the fire certificate is valid for one year

10 Labor Protection Department permits Виды разрешений в Украине (как указано отраслевыми законами) Цель введенияЭквивалент в странах ЕС Обязательная предварительная экспертиза рабочего проекта или рабочей документации на соответствие нормативно- правовым актам по охране труда на: строительство; реконструкцию; техническое переоборудование Предприятия, учреждения, организации, и граждане […] должны отвечать требованиям по охране труда НЕТ Разрешение на начало работы и виды работ предприятия, деятельность которого связана с выполнением работ и эксплуатацией объектов, машин, механизмов, оборудования повышенной опасности +/-

11 Labor Inspection Permits in Latvia Licenses for works related to pyrotechnics and explosives Permit for exploitation of dangerous equipment Registration of legal entities that perform works (installation, refurbishment, upgrade) related to dangerous equipment – the company must notify the Labor Safety Inspection within 10 days of start/end of operation; inspection sends a statement of registration to the company. Labor inspection maintains a register of entities subject to its monitoring and control – the information is received from other state registers NOT THE BUSINESSES

12 Opportunities for reform and issues for discussion Reducing the burden of permits –Focusing on ex-ante permits for high risk objects and activities –Establishing a clear monitoring and inspection regime for others with no ex-ante permits Clarifying the status of various expertise organizations Reviewing the legislation to ensure legality principles are observed (i.e. permits, key criteria and fees established in laws)