S1-1NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION AND SETS IN MSC.NASTRAN

S1-2NAS105, Section 1, May 2005

S1-3NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page PURPOSE OF THE SEMINAR... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … COMPANY OVERVIEW... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1-6 MSC.NASTRAN TECHNICAL SUPPORT … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … WHAT IS MSC.NASTRAN? … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …1-8 MSC.NASTRAN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES... … … … … … … … … … … … …1-9 MSC.NASTRAN DOCUMENTATION... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …1-13 REFERENCES ON THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD... … … … … … … … … … … SETS IN MSC.NASTRAN... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1-18

S1-4NAS105, Section 1, May 2005

S1-5NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 PURPOSE OF THE SEMINAR n Provide practical advice and guidance in using finite elements n Explain special MSC.NASTRAN modeling aids n Review advanced diagnostic methods n Introduce some of the advanced analysis capabilities

S1-6NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 COMPANY OVERVIEW n The MSC Software Corporation (formerly MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation) has been supplying sophisticated computer-aided engineering (CAE) tools since n MSC is the developer, distributor, and supporter of the most complete and widely used structural analysis program in the world, MSC.NASTRAN. n NASTRAN development was initiated in 1966 under the sponsorship of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration based on known requirements of the aerospace industry for structural analysis. MSC has been involved in NASTRAN since its inception, and has marketed its own enhanced, proprietary version, MSC.NASTRAN, since NASTRAN is a registered Trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

S1-7NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 n With corporate headquarters in Santa Ana, California, MSC.Software maintains regional sales and support offices worldwide. u MSC Technical Support Hotline: (USA/Canada). u support (USA/Canada): u Internet support: u Support (USA/Canada) Fax MSC.NASTRAN TECHNICAL SUPPORT

S1-8NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 WHAT IS MSC.NASTRAN? n MSC.NASTRAN is a general-purpose, finite element analysis program. n The MSC.NASTRAN program is n Based on the basic principles of engineering and the finite element method n Efficient due to its use of modern data base technology and use of modern sparse matrix and numerical analysis techniques n Capable of solving a large variety of engineering problems u Static and dynamic structural analysis u Heat transfer u Aeroelasticity u Hydroelasticity u Field-type problems (acoustics, electromagnetism) u Optimization n Extensively documented and quality assurance tested n Continually being enhanced by the addition of new capabilities

S1-9NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES n New delivery and re-releases on a regular basis u Many errors corrected, plus new capabilities added n Error reports published periodically n Latest (Released) Version:MSC.NASTRAN V2001 n Some Interesting Features recently added to MSC.NASTRAN u New Superelements (BEGIN SUPER)– V69 u New External superelements (PARAM,EXTOUT)– V70 u Pre–loaded structures in dynamic analysis (STATSUB)– V69 u Static pre–load in transient analysis (PARAM,ADSTAT)– V70

S1-10NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.Nastran MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES (Cont.) n Some Interesting Features recently added to MSC.NASTRAN (cont.) u Beam Library – (PBEAML, PBARL) – V69 u Shell to Solid connector (RSSCON) – V69 u Beam and shell p–elements – V69 u Frequency–dependent elements (CBUSH) –V69 u Fluid damping – V69 u Adaptive loading frequencies (FREQ3, FREQ4, FREQ5) – V69 u Mode – tracking in optimization (MODTRAK) – V69 u Customization – (ISHELL) – V70 u Residual Vectors in dynamics (PARAM,RESVEC) – V70

S1-11NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES (Cont.) n u Nonlinear radial gap element (NLRGAP) – V70.5 u Major Aeroelastic enhancements – V70.5 u Interface elements (p–elements) – V69 and V70.5 u GAPs in SOL 101 (PARAM,CDITER) – V70.5 u Geometric nonlinear spring–damper (CBUSH1D) – V70.5 u Material and Connectivity Sensitivity Optimization – V70.7 u Distributed Memory Parallel Computing (DMP) – v70.7 u Simplified Loading Definition for Dynamics – V2001 u Simplified Enforced Motion Dynamics – V2001 u Modal Effective Mass – V2001

S1-12NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES (Cont.) n Some Interesting Features recently added to MSC.NASTRAN (cont) u u P-Element Dynamics –V2001 u Quadratic (10-Node) Tetrahedron Element for Nonlinear Analysis – V2001 u CWELD Element – V2001 u Shell Output in Material Coordinate System - V2001 u Closed Hat Section in Beam Section Library – V2001 u Multiple DMIG Input – V2001 u Multiple Transfer Functions – V2001 u Fully Stressed Design – V2001 u Discrete Variable Optimization – V2001 u Enhancements in Dynamic Response for Optimization – V2001

S1-13NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES (Cont.) n u Eigenvector Sensitivity and Optimization – V2004 u Adjoint Sensitivity in Superelement Analysis – V2004 u Enhanced Distribute Memory Parallel Processing – V2004 u New DRESP1 Response Types – V2004 u External Response in SOL 200 – V2004 u Respnses Spanning Across Subcase or Superelements – V2004 u Linear Transient Analys Restarts – V2004 u New Initial Condition Usage in Linear Transient Analysis – V2004 u Fast Direct Frequency Response Option – V2004 u Modal Contribution Fractions – V2004 u Modal Kinetic and Strain Energy Output – V2004 u Enhanced Random Response Analysis – V2004

S1-14NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES (Cont.) n u Rotor Dynamics – V2004 u Enhanced Elements, Loads, and Model Checkout Tools – V2004 u Enhancements to External Superelements – V2004 u Enhanced Couple Fluid-Structure Analysis – V2004 u MSC.Nastran Implicit Nonlinear Analysis (SOL 600) – V2004 u MSC.Nastran/MSC.Adams Interface – V2004

S1-15NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN DOCUMENTATION

S1-16NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN DOCUMENTATION (Cont.) n The MSC.NASTRAN Reference Manual contains primarily reference-oriented, non-solution sequence dependent material and is highly subdivided for ease of use. The MSC.NASTRAN Reference Manual is typically not required for day-to-day use and can therefore be shared by a group. n The MSC.NASTRAN Quick Reference Guide contains descriptions of the NASTRAN Statement, File Management statements, Executive Control Statements, Case Control commands, Bulk Data entries, and parameters. The MSC.NASTRAN Quick Reference Guide is recommended for all users. n Users Guides are designed to be single point sources of information on the full range of MSC.NASTRAN topics and are highly tutorial in nature. The following Users Guides are available: u Getting Started with MSC.NASTRAN Users Guide u MSC.NASTRAN Basic Dynamic Analysis Users Guide u MSC.NASTRAN Linear Static Analysis Users Guide u MSC.NASTRAN Design Sensitivity and Optimization Users Guide u MSC.NASTRAN Numerical Methods Users Guide u MSC.NASTRAN Thermal Analysis Users Guide

S1-17NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN DOCUMENTATION (Cont.) n The following Users Guides are available (Cont.): u MSC.NASTRAN Aeroelastic Analysis Users Guide u MSC.NASTRAN Advanced Dynamic Analysis Users Guide n The following books are also available: u MSC.NASTRAN Installations / Operation Guide – contains computer and operating system-specific information. u MSC.NASTRAN Release Guide – describes the new features available in each version. Recommended for all users. u MSC.NASTRAN Bibliography (Second Edition) – contains citations for approximately 1900 MSC.NASTRAN-related papers, articles, and books, arranged by topic and author. u MSC.NASTRAN Common Questions and Answers – answers to commonly asked questions on a wide variety of analysis topics. Recommended for all MSC.NASTRAN users. u MSC.NASTRAN DMAP Module Dictionary (Version 68) – describes the DMAP modules formerly contained in Section 5 of the MSC.NASTRAN Users Manual. This book is primarily intended for DMAP users.

S1-18NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 MSC.NASTRAN DOCUMENTATION (Cont.) n The following Users Guides are available from the MSC.Nastran 2001 and MSC.Nastran 2001 Documentation CD: u MSC.NASTRAN DMAP and Database Users Guide u MSC.NASTRAN Superelement Analysis Users Guide

S1-19NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 REFERENCES ON THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD K.-J. Bathe Finite Element Procedure in Engineering Analysis Prentice-Hall, Inc, 1982 E.B. Becker, G.F. Carey, and J.T. Oden Finite Elements, Vol. 1-6 Prentice Hall, R. MacNeal Finite Elements: their design and performance Dekker, 1994 R.D. Cook Concepts and Application of Finite Element Analysis John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1974 R.H. Gallagher Finite Element Analysis Fundamentals Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1975 O.C. Zienkiewicz and R.L. Taylor The Finite Element Method Volume th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2000

S1-20NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 SETS IN MSC.NASTRAN n Whenever you submit a job to MSC.NASTRAN, the program defines sets of degrees of freedom (DOF) based on your input. n The program first assembles vectors and matrices for all structural degrees of freedom (excluding extra points). u This is called the G-set (global) and contains 6 DOFs for each grid point and 1 DOF for each scalar point. n The following table provides examples of Bulk Data entries, which may define sets in the program. Degrees of Freedom Set Bulk Data Entries *Placed in set only if constraints are not specified in the basic coordinate system

S1-21NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 SETS IN MSC.NASTRAN (Cont.) n Based on the input, DOF are placed into the appropriate sets n These sets are used during the processing and have certain requirements n Mutually Exclusive sets – no DOF may belong to more than one of these sets n Combined sets – sets made up by combining other sets – a DOF may belong to several combined sets m sb sg s o q cbcb r e sa k pa ps p g ne n fe f d a t l Mutually ExclusiveCombined

S1-22NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 SETS IN MSC.NASTRAN (Cont.) n The mutually exclusive set names have the following definitions: Mutually Exclusive Sets

S1-23NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 SETS IN MSC.NASTRAN (Cont.) n The sets formed by the union of two mutually exclusive sets have the following definitions: Combined Sets (+ indicates union of two sets)

S1-24NAS105, Section 1, May 2005 SETS IN MSC.NASTRAN (Cont.) n To help understand this, let us look at the most commonly used sets and a simple example. n Most commonly used sets – in terms of the problem solution: n Create system matrices u G – global set – this set contains all DOF in the model. When the program works with matrices using the global set, it works using the displacement coordinate system from the GRID entries. n Process multi–point constraint equations u M – dependent DOF – defined by MPCs and R–type elements – these DOF are the slave DOF in multi–point constraint equations. Their motion is a combination of the motion of 1 or more other points. If they were kept in the matrices, the matrices would be rank deficient and the problem could not be solved u N – independent DOF – any DOF in the model which are not in the M–set n Apply constraints u S – constrained – any DOF constrained by you or by AUTOSPC belong in this set u F – not constrained – the set of DOF which remain after the constraints are applied