YOUTH SUBCULTURES School 1173 Form 9E Zverev Aziz Remnyov Julius Guidance – Markova S.A.

Why did we create this project? There are different youth groupings nowadays and a lot of teenagers should know what is the difference between them and what aims they have. To enable this task we created this project, we hope, it will be interesting for our schoolmates to read about informal groups, that existed in the past and still exist today.

The Hippies The trouble in trying to define what hippies ARE is that the hippies were really a historical phenomenon which began in the mid- 1960's and ended perhaps ten years later. In that sense, then, the hippies no more exist today than do the beatniks of the 1940's and 1950's, the Harlem hipsters of the 1920's, or the bohemians of the late 19th century. City in the 1940's.

BEFORE and AFTER You have to define what hippies WERE, not what they are. And to understand what the hippies were, you need to understand where they came from. Here, at least, the answer is fairly straightforward. The hippies were an outgrowth of what is now called the Beat Generation, or to use the more popular term, the beatniks. Originally a literary movement, the Beats started out as a handful of students at Columbia University in New York City inin the 1940's.

Children of old Hippies I believe that a great many punks really are children of old hippies. As you were trying to tell a young- hippie how to survive in this capitalist world and not "turn into their parents," i think punks are trying for the same thing.

The problem is one of… Thanks for enlightening us about punks. First I would like to state something obvious; that many people who consider themselves hippies - don't look like hippies. And the reverse is also true. Many people who appear to be hippies, aren't. I'm sure the situation is similar with punks. The problem is one of stereotyping.

Are Punks A Manifestation of Hippies? As far as I'm concerned, gutter punks are the closest thing to hippies. Im not talking about suburban-punks.. We are both without a shower and have a wander-lust that takes us across the country. Some hitchhike, some hop-trains, some live communally...in abandoned houses. (It was hippies that paved our way for hitchhiking and sometimes i wish it was still as easy to get rides as it was for the hippies) Some of us travel with them, even stop along at a Rainbow Gathering, although i met a few who really didn't like it. This hippie shared some really great wisdom with me: I want to travel, but right now i live at home, go to high school and can't get a GED for want of being an artist. He told me I'm trapped in my life decisions and only i really can't listen to anyone else to make my choice. "Go sit by yourself and just think about what i said, after im gone, after i left, and only do it for you." Would my parents tell me that?

Mods and Rockers The Mods and Rockers were two conflicting British youth subcultures of the early-mid 1960s. Rockers, who wore leather jackets and rode heavy motorcicles, poured scorn on the mods, who often wore suits and rode scooters. The rockers considered mods to be weedy, effeminate snobs, and mods saw rockers as out of touch, oafish and grubby.[ Musically, there was not much common ground. Rockers listened to 1950s rock and roll, mostly by white American artists such as Elvis Presley, Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran. Mods generally favoured 1960s rhythm and blues, soul and ska by black American and Jamaican musicians, although many of them also liked British R&B/beat groups such as The Who, The Small Faces and The Yardbirds.[citation needed] rock and roll white AmericanElvis PresleyGene VincentEddie Cochranrhythm and blues soulskablack AmericanJamaicanbeat The WhoThe Small FacesThe Yardbirdscitation needed

The late 1970s mod revival Stylistic originsMod, R&B, Jazz, Reggae, Ska, Soul, Beat, Power pop, Pub rock, Punk rock, New WaveModR&B JazzReggaeSkaSoul BeatPower popPub rock Punk rockNew Wave The late 1970s mod revival combined musical and cultural elements of the 1970s pub rock, punk rock and New Wave music genres with influences from 1960s mod and beat music bands such as The Who, Small Faces and The Kinks. The revival was largely spurred on by the band The Jam, who had adopted a stark mod look and mixed the energy of punk with the sound of 1960s mod bands.pub rockpunk rockNew Wave music modbeat musicThe WhoSmall FacesThe KinksThe Jam

The 59 Club The 59 Club, also written as The Fifty Nine Club and known as "the '9", started as a Church of England-based youth club founded in Hackney Wick on April 2, 1959, in the East End of London, which was an underprivileged area at the time. Membership is open to anyone with an interest in motorbikes.

…a youth club at the Eton Mission The Club started originally as a youth club at the Eton Mission in Hackney Wick, London in 1959 and was led by the Reverend John Oakes. Later, being that he was a motorcyclist himself, Father William Shergold decided to hold a church service for motorcyclists in 1962.

Father Bill Christens one of the newest 59 Club members He finally plucked up courage and visited The Ace Cafe on the North Circular Road and handed out leaflets about the service. He had an immense reaction. The church was full of 'Rockers'. Even some of their 'bikes were brought into the church to be blessed. As this had never been heard of before, the press had a field day!

Goths The original Goths were an Eastern Germanic tribe who played an important role in the fall of the western Roman Empire. In some circles, the name "goth" later became pejorative: synonymous with "barbarian" and the uncultured due to the then- contemporary view of the fall of Rome and depictions of the pagan Gothic tribes during and after the process of Christianization of Europe.Goths Eastern Germanic tribe Roman EmpirebarbarianpaganChristianization

Goths In the United Kingdom, by the late 1700s, however, nostalgia for the medieval period led people to become fascinated with medieval gothic ruins. This fascination was often combined with an interest in medieval romances, Roman Catholic religion and the supernatural.medieval romancesRoman Catholic During the Renaissance period in Europe, medieval architecture was retroactively labeled gothic architecture, and was considered unfashionable in contrast to the then- modern lines of classical architecture.RenaissanceEuropearchitecturegothic architecture classical architecture

Goths Goth fashion is stereotyped as a dark, sometimes morbid, eroticized fashion and style of dress. Typical gothic fashion includes dyed black hair, dark eyeliner, black fingernails, black period-styled clothing; goths may or may not have piercings. Styles are often borrowed from the Elizabethan, Victorian or medieval period and often express Catholic or other religious imagery such as crucifixes or ankhs.[dress ElizabethanVictorian medieval[

The British Teddy Boy subcultureBritish subculture The British Teddy Boy subculture is typified by young men wearing clothes inspired by the styles of the Edwardian period, which Savile Row tailors had tried to re-introduce after World War II. The group got its name after a 1953 newspaper headline shortened Edward to Teddy and coined the term Teddy Boy (also known as TedBritish subcultureEdwardian periodSavile RowWorld War II The subculture started in London in the 1950s and rapidly spread across the UK, soon becoming strongly associated with American rock and roll music of the period. The Teddy Boys were the first youth group in England to differentiate themselves as teenagers, thus helping to create a youth market.London Americanrock and roll teenagers

Raggare Raggare have existed since the 1950s and haven't changed much since then. Cars are an important part of the subculture, especially large cars.Other popular cars are the fintail Mercedes, the Volvo Amazon, and modified cars from the Volvo 200 series. fintail Mercedes Volvo Amazon Volvo 200 series Statistically, the most common Raggare car is the 1960s Pontiac Bonneville. They are plentiful, classic, relatively cheap, and have a huge backseat so they can pile in all of their Raggare friends.Pontiac Bonneville

Moral panic ideal raggare carsoral panic When raggare first appeared, they caused a moral panic with concerns about the use of alcohol, violence, high-speed driving. Raggare gangs was seen as a serious problem Still considered a menace to society but not as much and often more seen as amusing, the raggare subculture lives on in Sweden.moral panic

Moral panic Moral panic can be defined as "the intensity of feeling expressed by a large number of people about a specific group of people who appear to threaten the social order at a given time." Stanley Cohen, author of the seminal (1973), says moral panic occurs when "[a] condition, episode, person or group of persons emerges to become defined as a threat to societal values and interests."Those who start the panic when they fear a threat to prevailing social or cultural values, are known by researchers as "moral entrepreneurs", while the people who supposedly threaten the social order are known as a "folk devil." They are byproducts of controversies that produce arguments and social tension, or aren't easily discussed as some of these moral panics are taboo to many people. The media have long operated as agents of moral indignation, even if they are not self-consciously engaged in crusading or muckraking. Simply reporting the facts can be enough to generate concern, anxiety or panic.social orderStanley Cohensocietal valuesculturalmoral entrepreneursfolk deviltaboo

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